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Tom Lane 404db8f9ed Execute foreign key constraints in CREATE SCHEMA at the end.
The previous patch simplified CREATE SCHEMA's behavior to "execute all
subcommands in the order they are written".  However, that's a bit too
simple, as the spec clearly requires forward references in foreign key
constraint clauses to work, see feature F311-01.  (Most other SQL
implementations seem to read more into the spec than that, but it's
not clear that there's justification for more in the text, and this is
the only case that doesn't introduce unresolvable issues.)  We never
implemented that before, but let's do so now.

To fix it, transform FOREIGN KEY clauses into ALTER TABLE ... ADD
FOREIGN KEY commands and append them to the end of the CREATE SCHEMA's
subcommand list.  This works because the foreign key constraints are
independent and don't affect any other DDL that might be in CREATE
SCHEMA.  For simplicity, we do this for all FOREIGN KEY clauses even
if they would have worked where they were.

Author: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1075425.1732993688@sss.pgh.pa.us
2026-04-06 15:16:25 -04:00
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PostgreSQL Database Management System

This directory contains the source code distribution of the PostgreSQL database management system.

PostgreSQL is an advanced object-relational database management system that supports an extended subset of the SQL standard, including transactions, foreign keys, subqueries, triggers, user-defined types and functions. This distribution also contains C language bindings.

Copyright and license information can be found in the file COPYRIGHT.

General documentation about this version of PostgreSQL can be found at https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/. In particular, information about building PostgreSQL from the source code can be found at https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/installation.html.

The latest version of this software, and related software, may be obtained at https://www.postgresql.org/download/. For more information look at our web site located at https://www.postgresql.org/.