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Deduplication reduces the storage overhead of duplicates in indexes that
use the standard nbtree index access method. The deduplication process
is applied lazily, after the point where opportunistic deletion of
LP_DEAD-marked index tuples occurs. Deduplication is only applied at
the point where a leaf page split would otherwise be required. New
posting list tuples are formed by merging together existing duplicate
tuples. The physical representation of the items on an nbtree leaf page
is made more space efficient by deduplication, but the logical contents
of the page are not changed. Even unique indexes make use of
deduplication as a way of controlling bloat from duplicates whose TIDs
point to different versions of the same logical table row.
The lazy approach taken by nbtree has significant advantages over a GIN
style eager approach. Most individual inserts of index tuples have
exactly the same overhead as before. The extra overhead of
deduplication is amortized across insertions, just like the overhead of
page splits. The key space of indexes works in the same way as it has
since commit
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| .. | ||
| adminpack | ||
| amcheck | ||
| auth_delay | ||
| auto_explain | ||
| bloom | ||
| btree_gin | ||
| btree_gist | ||
| citext | ||
| cube | ||
| dblink | ||
| dict_int | ||
| dict_xsyn | ||
| earthdistance | ||
| file_fdw | ||
| fuzzystrmatch | ||
| hstore | ||
| hstore_plperl | ||
| hstore_plpython | ||
| intagg | ||
| intarray | ||
| isn | ||
| jsonb_plperl | ||
| jsonb_plpython | ||
| lo | ||
| ltree | ||
| ltree_plpython | ||
| oid2name | ||
| pageinspect | ||
| passwordcheck | ||
| pg_buffercache | ||
| pg_freespacemap | ||
| pg_prewarm | ||
| pg_standby | ||
| pg_stat_statements | ||
| pg_trgm | ||
| pg_visibility | ||
| pgcrypto | ||
| pgrowlocks | ||
| pgstattuple | ||
| postgres_fdw | ||
| seg | ||
| sepgsql | ||
| spi | ||
| sslinfo | ||
| start-scripts | ||
| tablefunc | ||
| tcn | ||
| test_decoding | ||
| tsm_system_rows | ||
| tsm_system_time | ||
| unaccent | ||
| uuid-ossp | ||
| vacuumlo | ||
| xml2 | ||
| contrib-global.mk | ||
| Makefile | ||
| README | ||
The PostgreSQL contrib tree
---------------------------
This subtree contains porting tools, analysis utilities, and plug-in
features that are not part of the core PostgreSQL system, mainly
because they address a limited audience or are too experimental to be
part of the main source tree. This does not preclude their
usefulness.
User documentation for each module appears in the main SGML
documentation.
When building from the source distribution, these modules are not
built automatically, unless you build the "world" target. You can
also build and install them all by running "make all" and "make
install" in this directory; or to build and install just one selected
module, do the same in that module's subdirectory.
Some directories supply new user-defined functions, operators, or
types. To make use of one of these modules, after you have installed
the code you need to register the new SQL objects in the database
system by executing a CREATE EXTENSION command. In a fresh database,
you can simply do
CREATE EXTENSION module_name;
See the PostgreSQL documentation for more information about this
procedure.