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docs: add barrier key auto-rotation to internals/rotation (#12149)
This functionality was introduced in Vault 1.7.0 and is documented in api-docs/system/rotate-config
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@ -54,20 +54,22 @@ for a few minutes enabling standby instances to do a periodic check for upgrades
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This allows standby instances to update their keys and stay in-sync with the active Vault
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without requiring operators to perform another unseal.
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The `rotate/config` endpoint is used to configure the number of operations or time interval
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between automatic rotations of the backend encryption key.
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## NIST Rotation Guidance
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Periodic rotation of the encryption keys is recommended, even in the absence of
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compromise. Due to the nature of the AES-256-GCM encryption used, keys should be
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rotated before approximately 2<sup>32</sup> encryptions have been performed, following
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the guidelines of NIST publication 800-38D. Operators can estimate the number
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of encryptions by summing the following:
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the guidelines of NIST publication 800-38D.
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As of Vault 1.7, Vault will automatically rotate the backend encryption key
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prior to reaching 2<sup>32</sup> encryption operations by default.
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Operators can estimate the number of encryptions by summing the following:
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- The `vault.barrier.put` telemetry metric.
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- The `vault.token.creation` metric where the `token_type` label is `batch`.
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- The `merkle.flushDirty.num_pages` metric.
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- The WAL index.
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The simplest strategy may be to use those metrics to determine a frequency of
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rotation and make that part of the operational process. For example, if one
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determines that the estimated rate is 40 million operations per day, then
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rotating the key every three months is sufficient.
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- The WAL index.
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