diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/origin.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/origin.c
index 26afd8f0af9..661d68ad653 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/origin.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/origin.c
@@ -1186,55 +1186,70 @@ replorigin_session_setup(ReplOriginId node, int acquired_by)
 		if (curstate->roident != node)
 			continue;
 
-		else if (curstate->acquired_by != 0 && acquired_by == 0)
+		if (acquired_by == 0)
 		{
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_IN_USE),
-					 errmsg("replication origin with ID %d is already active for PID %d",
-							curstate->roident, curstate->acquired_by)));
+			/* With acquired_by == 0, we need the origin to be free */
+			if (curstate->acquired_by != 0)
+			{
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_IN_USE),
+						 errmsg("replication origin with ID %d is already active for PID %d",
+								curstate->roident, curstate->acquired_by)));
+			}
+			else if (curstate->refcount > 0)
+			{
+				/*
+				 * The origin is in use, but PID is not recorded. This can
+				 * happen if the process that originally acquired the origin
+				 * exited without releasing it. To ensure correctness, other
+				 * processes cannot acquire the origin until all processes
+				 * currently using it have released it.
+				 */
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_IN_USE),
+						 errmsg("replication origin with ID %d is already active in another process",
+								curstate->roident)));
+			}
 		}
-
-		else if (curstate->acquired_by != acquired_by)
+		else
 		{
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_IN_USE),
-					 errmsg("could not find replication state slot for replication origin with OID %u which was acquired by %d",
-							node, acquired_by)));
-		}
+			/*
+			 * With acquired_by != 0, we need the origin to be active by the
+			 * given PID
+			 */
+			if (curstate->acquired_by != acquired_by)
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_IN_USE),
+						 errmsg("replication origin with ID %d is not active for PID %d",
+								curstate->roident, acquired_by)));
 
-		/*
-		 * The origin is in use, but PID is not recorded. This can happen if
-		 * the process that originally acquired the origin exited without
-		 * releasing it. To ensure correctness, other processes cannot acquire
-		 * the origin until all processes currently using it have released it.
-		 */
-		else if (curstate->acquired_by == 0 && curstate->refcount > 0)
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_IN_USE),
-					 errmsg("replication origin with ID %d is already active in another process",
-							curstate->roident)));
+			/*
+			 * Here, it is okay to have refcount > 0 as more than one process
+			 * can safely re-use the origin.
+			 */
+		}
 
 		/* ok, found slot */
 		session_replication_state = curstate;
 		break;
 	}
 
-
-	if (session_replication_state == NULL && free_slot == -1)
-		ereport(ERROR,
-				(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIGURATION_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),
-				 errmsg("could not find free replication state slot for replication origin with ID %d",
-						node),
-				 errhint("Increase \"max_active_replication_origins\" and try again.")));
-	else if (session_replication_state == NULL)
+	if (session_replication_state == NULL)
 	{
-		if (acquired_by)
+		if (acquired_by != 0)
 			ereport(ERROR,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_NOT_IN_PREREQUISITE_STATE),
 					 errmsg("cannot use PID %d for inactive replication origin with ID %d",
 							acquired_by, node)));
 
 		/* initialize new slot */
+		if (free_slot == -1)
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_CONFIGURATION_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),
+					 errmsg("could not find free replication state slot for replication origin with ID %d",
+							node),
+					 errhint("Increase \"max_active_replication_origins\" and try again.")));
+
 		session_replication_state = &replication_states[free_slot];
 		Assert(!XLogRecPtrIsValid(session_replication_state->remote_lsn));
 		Assert(!XLogRecPtrIsValid(session_replication_state->local_lsn));