diff --git a/doc/man-sections/management-options.rst b/doc/man-sections/management-options.rst
index 884750a6..8dad52b3 100644
--- a/doc/man-sections/management-options.rst
+++ b/doc/man-sections/management-options.rst
@@ -85,9 +85,15 @@ server and client mode operations.
      management-external-key
      management-external-key nopadding
      management-external-key pkcs1
-     management-external-key nopadding pkcs1
+     management-external-key pss
 
-  The optional parameters :code:`nopadding` and :code:`pkcs1` signal
+  or any combination like:
+  ::
+
+     management-external-key nopadding pkcs1
+     management-external-key pkcs1 pss
+
+  The optional parameters :code:`nopadding` :code:`pkcs1` and :code:`pss` signal
   support for different padding algorithms. See
   :code:`doc/mangement-notes.txt` for a complete description of this
   feature.
diff --git a/doc/management-notes.txt b/doc/management-notes.txt
index 203d3d82..7bb10c24 100644
--- a/doc/management-notes.txt
+++ b/doc/management-notes.txt
@@ -907,10 +907,24 @@ can be indicated in the signing request only if the client version is > 2"
 
 The currently defined padding algorithms are:
 
- - RSA_PKCS1_PADDING  -  PKCS1 padding and RSA signature
- - RSA_NO_PADDING     -  No padding may be added for the signature
- - ECDSA              -  EC signature.
+ - RSA_PKCS1_PADDING            -  PKCS1 padding and RSA signature
+ - RSA_NO_PADDING               -  No padding may be added for the signature
+ - ECDSA                        -  EC signature.
+ - RSA_PKCS1_PSS_PADDING,params -  RSA signature with PSS padding
 
+   The params for PSS are specified as 'hashalg=name,saltlen=[max|digest]'.
+
+   The hashalg names are short common names such as SHA256, SHA224, etc.
+   PSS saltlen="digest" means use the same size as the hash to sign, while
+   "max" indicates maximum possible saltlen which is
+   '(nbits-1)/8 - hlen - 2'. Here 'nbits' is the number of bits in the
+   key modulus and 'hlen' the size in octets of the hash.
+   (See: RFC 8017 sec 8.1.1 and 9.1.1)
+
+   In the case of PKCS1_PADDING, when the hash algorithm is not legacy
+   MD5-SHA1, the hash is encoded with DigestInfo header before presenting
+   to the management interface. This is identical to CKM_RSA_PKCS in Cryptoki
+   as well as what RSA_private_encrypt() in OpenSSL expects.
 
 COMMAND -- certificate (OpenVPN 2.4 or higher)
 ----------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/openvpn/manage.h b/src/openvpn/manage.h
index 04dc98d1..5ed27c0c 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/manage.h
+++ b/src/openvpn/manage.h
@@ -339,6 +339,7 @@ struct management *management_init(void);
 #define MF_QUERY_REMOTE             (1<<13)
 #define MF_QUERY_PROXY              (1<<14)
 #define MF_EXTERNAL_CERT            (1<<15)
+#define MF_EXTERNAL_KEY_PSSPAD      (1<<16)
 
 bool management_open(struct management *man,
                      const char *addr,
diff --git a/src/openvpn/options.c b/src/openvpn/options.c
index aafec1a2..42ea3bae 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/options.c
+++ b/src/openvpn/options.c
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@
 #include "forward.h"
 #include "ssl_verify.h"
 #include "platform.h"
+#include "xkey_common.h"
 #include <ctype.h>
 
 #include "memdbg.h"
@@ -2207,14 +2208,14 @@ options_postprocess_verify_ce(const struct options *options,
 
 #endif /* ifdef ENABLE_MANAGEMENT */
 
-#if  defined(ENABLE_MANAGEMENT)
+#if defined(ENABLE_MANAGEMENT) && !defined(HAVE_XKEY_PROVIDER)
     if ((tls_version_max() >= TLS_VER_1_3)
         && (options->management_flags & MF_EXTERNAL_KEY)
         && !(options->management_flags & (MF_EXTERNAL_KEY_NOPADDING))
         )
     {
-        msg(M_ERR, "management-external-key with OpenSSL 1.1.1 requires "
-            "the nopadding argument/support");
+        msg(M_FATAL, "management-external-key with TLS 1.3 or later requires "
+            "nopadding argument/support");
     }
 #endif
     /*
@@ -5520,6 +5521,10 @@ add_option(struct options *options,
             {
                 options->management_flags |= MF_EXTERNAL_KEY_PKCS1PAD;
             }
+            else if (streq(p[j], "pss"))
+            {
+                options->management_flags |= MF_EXTERNAL_KEY_PSSPAD;
+            }
             else
             {
                 msg(msglevel, "Unknown management-external-key flag: %s", p[j]);