---
description: The `tofu import` command is used to import existing infrastructure.
---

# Import Usage

Use the `tofu import` command to import existing infrastructure to OpenTofu state.

The `tofu import` command can only import one resource at a time. It cannot simultaneously import an entire collection of resources, like an AWS VPC.

:::warning
OpenTofu expects that each remote object it is managing will be
bound to only one resource address, which is normally guaranteed by OpenTofu
itself having created all objects. If you import existing objects into OpenTofu,
be careful to import each remote object to only one OpenTofu resource address.
If you import the same object multiple times, OpenTofu may exhibit unwanted
behavior. For more information on this assumption, see
[the State section](../state/index.mdx).
:::

To import a resource, first write a resource block for it in your
configuration, establishing the name by which it will be known to OpenTofu:

```
resource "aws_instance" "example" {
  # ...instance configuration...
}
```

The name "example" here is local to the module where it is declared and is
chosen by the configuration author. This is distinct from any ID issued by
the remote system, which may change over time while the resource name
remains constant.

If desired, you can leave the body of the resource block blank for now and
return to fill it in once the instance is imported.

Now `tofu import` can be run to attach an existing instance to this
resource configuration:

```shell
$ tofu import aws_instance.example i-abcd1234
```

This command locates the AWS EC2 instance with ID `i-abcd1234`. Then it attaches
the existing settings of the instance, as described by the EC2 API, to the
name `aws_instance.example` of a module. In this example the module path
implies that the root module is used. Finally, the mapping is saved in the
OpenTofu state.

It is also possible to import to resources in child modules, using their paths,
and to single instances of a resource with `count` or `for_each` set. See
[_Resource Addressing_](../state/resource-addressing.mdx) for more
details on how to specify a target resource.

The syntax of the given ID is dependent on the resource type being imported.
For example, AWS instances use an opaque ID issued by the EC2 API, but
AWS Route53 Zones use the domain name itself. Consult the documentation for
each importable resource for details on what form of ID is required.

As a result of the above command, the resource is recorded in the state file.
You can now run `tofu plan` to see how the configuration compares to
the imported resource, and make any adjustments to the configuration to
align with the current (or desired) state of the imported object.

## Complex Imports

The above import is considered a "simple import": one resource is imported
into the state file. An import may also result in a "complex import" where
multiple resources are imported. For example, an AWS network ACL imports
an `aws_network_acl` but also one `aws_network_acl_rule` for each rule.

In this scenario, the secondary resources will not already exist in
configuration, so it is necessary to consult the import output and create
a `resource` block in configuration for each secondary resource. If this is
not done, OpenTofu will plan to destroy the imported objects on the next run.

If you want to rename or otherwise move the imported resources, the
[state management commands](../../cli/commands/state/index.mdx) can be used.
