diff --git a/cypress/e2e/dav/availability.cy.ts b/cypress/e2e/dav/availability.cy.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index e1cc91d37d5..00000000000
--- a/cypress/e2e/dav/availability.cy.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
- */
-
-import { clearState } from '../../support/commonUtils.ts'
-
-describe('Calendar: Availability', { testIsolation: true }, () => {
-	before(() => {
-		clearState()
-	})
-
-	it('User can see the availability section in settings', () => {
-		cy.createRandomUser().then(($user) => {
-			cy.login($user)
-			cy.visit('/settings/user')
-		})
-
-		// can see the section
-		cy.findAllByRole('link', { name: /Availability/ })
-			.should('be.visible')
-			.click()
-
-		cy.url().should('match', /settings\/user\/availability$/)
-		cy.findByRole('heading', { name: /Availability/, level: 2 })
-			.should('be.visible')
-	})
-
-	it('Users can set their availability status', () => {
-		cy.createRandomUser().then(($user) => {
-			cy.login($user)
-			cy.visit('/settings/user/availability')
-		})
-
-		// can see the settings
-		cy.findByRole('list', { name: 'Weekdays' })
-			.should('be.visible')
-			.within(() => {
-				cy.contains('li', 'Friday')
-					.should('be.visible')
-					.should('contain.text', 'No working hours set')
-					.as('fridayItem')
-					.findByRole('button', { name: 'Add slot' })
-					.click()
-			})
-
-		cy.get('@fridayItem')
-			.findByLabelText(/start time/i)
-			.type('09:00')
-
-		cy.get('@fridayItem')
-			.findByLabelText(/end time/i)
-			.type('18:00')
-
-		cy.intercept('PROPPATCH', '**/remote.php/dav/calendars/*/inbox').as('saveAvailability')
-		cy.get('#availability')
-			.findByRole('button', { name: 'Save' })
-			.click()
-		cy.wait('@saveAvailability')
-
-		cy.reload()
-
-		cy.findByRole('list', { name: 'Weekdays' })
-			.should('be.visible')
-			.within(() => {
-				cy.contains('li', 'Friday')
-					.should('be.visible')
-					.should('not.contain.text', 'No working hours set')
-			})
-	})
-
-	it('Users can set their absence', () => {
-		cy.createUser({ language: 'en', password: 'password', userId: 'replacement-user' })
-		cy.createRandomUser().then(($user) => {
-			cy.login($user)
-			cy.visit('/settings/user/availability')
-		})
-
-		cy.findByRole('heading', { name: /absence/i }).scrollIntoView()
-
-		cy.findByLabelText(/First day/)
-			.should('be.visible')
-			.type('2024-12-24')
-
-		cy.findByLabelText(/Last day/)
-			.should('be.visible')
-			.type('2024-12-28')
-
-		cy.findByRole('textbox', { name: /Short absence/ })
-			.should('be.visible')
-			.type('Vacation')
-		cy.findByRole('textbox', { name: /Long absence/ })
-			.should('be.visible')
-			.type('Happy holidays!')
-
-		cy.intercept('GET', '**/ocs/v2.php/apps/files_sharing/api/v1/sharees?*search=replacement*').as('userSearch')
-		cy.findByRole('searchbox')
-			.should('be.visible')
-			.as('userSearchBox')
-			.click()
-		cy.get('@userSearchBox')
-			.type('replacement')
-		cy.wait('@userSearch')
-
-		cy.findByRole('option', { name: 'replacement-user' })
-			.click()
-
-		cy.intercept('POST', '**/ocs/v2.php/apps/dav/api/v1/outOfOffice/*').as('saveAbsence')
-		cy.get('#absence')
-			.findByRole('button', { name: 'Save' })
-			.click()
-		cy.wait('@saveAbsence')
-
-		cy.reload()
-
-		// see its saved
-		cy.findByLabelText(/First day/)
-			.should('have.value', '2024-12-24')
-		cy.findByLabelText(/Last day/)
-			.should('have.value', '2024-12-28')
-		cy.findByRole('textbox', { name: /Short absence/ })
-			.should('have.value', 'Vacation')
-		cy.findByRole('textbox', { name: /Long absence/ })
-			.should('have.value', 'Happy holidays!')
-		cy.findByRole('combobox')
-			.should('contain.text', 'replacement-user')
-	})
-})
diff --git a/cypress/e2e/systemtags/admin-settings.cy.ts b/cypress/e2e/systemtags/admin-settings.cy.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index c8b74335a5a..00000000000
--- a/cypress/e2e/systemtags/admin-settings.cy.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
- */
-
-import { User } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server/cypress'
-
-const admin = new User('admin', 'admin')
-
-const tagName = 'foo'
-const updatedTagName = 'bar'
-
-describe('Create system tags', () => {
-	before(() => {
-		// delete any existing tags
-		cy.runOccCommand('tag:list --output=json').then((output) => {
-			Object.keys(JSON.parse(output.stdout)).forEach((id) => {
-				cy.runOccCommand(`tag:delete ${id}`)
-			})
-		})
-
-		// login as admin and go to admin settings
-		cy.login(admin)
-		cy.visit('/settings/admin/server')
-	})
-
-	it('Can create a tag', () => {
-		cy.intercept('POST', '/remote.php/dav/systemtags').as('createTag')
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').should('exist').and('have.value', '')
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').type(tagName)
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').should('have.value', tagName)
-		// submit the form
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').type('{enter}')
-
-		// wait for the tag to be created
-		cy.wait('@createTag').its('response.statusCode').should('eq', 201)
-
-		// see that the created tag is in the list
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').focus()
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').invoke('attr', 'aria-controls').then((id) => {
-			cy.get(`ul#${id} li span[title="${tagName}"]`)
-				.should('exist')
-				.should('have.length', 1)
-		})
-	})
-})
-
-describe('Update system tags', { testIsolation: false }, () => {
-	before(() => {
-		cy.login(admin)
-		cy.visit('/settings/admin/server')
-	})
-
-	it('select the tag', () => {
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').focus()
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').invoke('attr', 'aria-controls').then((id) => {
-			cy.get(`ul#${id} li span[title="${tagName}"]`).should('exist').click()
-		})
-		// see that the tag name matches the selected tag
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').should('exist').and('have.value', tagName)
-		// see that the tag level matches the selected tag
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-level').click()
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-level').siblings('.vs__selected').contains('Public').should('exist')
-	})
-
-	it('update the tag name and level', () => {
-		cy.intercept('PROPPATCH', '/remote.php/dav/systemtags/*').as('updateTag')
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').clear()
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').type(updatedTagName)
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').should('have.value', updatedTagName)
-		// select the new tag level
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-level').focus()
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-level').invoke('attr', 'aria-controls').then((id) => {
-			cy.get(`ul#${id} li span[title="Invisible"]`).should('exist').click()
-		})
-		// submit the form
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').type('{enter}')
-		// wait for the tag to be updated
-		cy.wait('@updateTag').its('response.statusCode').should('eq', 207)
-	})
-
-	it('see the tag was successfully updated', () => {
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').focus()
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').invoke('attr', 'aria-controls').then((id) => {
-			cy.get(`ul#${id} li span[title="${updatedTagName} (invisible)"]`)
-				.should('exist')
-				.should('have.length', 1)
-		})
-	})
-})
-
-describe('Delete system tags', { testIsolation: false }, () => {
-	before(() => {
-		cy.login(admin)
-		cy.visit('/settings/admin/server')
-	})
-
-	it('select the tag', () => {
-		// select the tag to edit
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').focus()
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').invoke('attr', 'aria-controls').then((id) => {
-			cy.get(`ul#${id} li span[title="${updatedTagName} (invisible)"]`).should('exist').click()
-		})
-		// see that the tag name matches the selected tag
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-name').should('exist').and('have.value', updatedTagName)
-		// see that the tag level matches the selected tag
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-level').focus()
-		cy.get('input#system-tag-level').siblings('.vs__selected').contains('Invisible').should('exist')
-	})
-
-	it('can delete the tag', () => {
-		cy.intercept('DELETE', '/remote.php/dav/systemtags/*').as('deleteTag')
-		cy.get('.system-tag-form__row').within(() => {
-			cy.contains('button', 'Delete').should('be.enabled').click()
-		})
-		// wait for the tag to be deleted
-		cy.wait('@deleteTag').its('response.statusCode').should('eq', 204)
-	})
-
-	it('see that the deleted tag is not present', () => {
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').focus()
-		cy.get('input#system-tags-input').invoke('attr', 'aria-controls').then((id) => {
-			cy.get(`ul#${id} li span[title="${updatedTagName}"]`).should('not.exist')
-		})
-	})
-})
diff --git a/tests/playwright/e2e/dav/availability.spec.ts b/tests/playwright/e2e/dav/availability.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8d44e609c06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/e2e/dav/availability.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+import { User } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server'
+import { addUser, runOcc } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server/docker'
+import { test } from '../../support/fixtures/random-user-session.ts'
+
+test.describe('Calendar: Availability', () => {
+	test('User can see the availability section in settings', async ({ page }) => {
+		await page.goto('settings/user')
+
+		// The settings sidebar lists an "Availability" navigation link
+		await page.getByRole('link', { name: /Availability/i }).first().click()
+
+		await expect(page).toHaveURL(/settings\/user\/availability$/)
+		await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: /Availability/i, level: 2 })).toBeVisible()
+	})
+
+	test('Users can set their availability status', async ({ page }) => {
+		await page.goto('settings/user/availability')
+
+		// CalendarAvailability renders listitems without an accessible name; filter by text content
+		const fridayItem = page.locator('#availability').getByRole('listitem').filter({ hasText: 'Friday' })
+		await expect(fridayItem).toBeVisible()
+		await expect(fridayItem).toContainText('No working hours set')
+
+		// Add a time slot for Friday
+		await fridayItem.getByRole('button', { name: 'Add slot' }).click()
+
+		// Fill start and end times — labels are visually hidden but accessible
+		await fridayItem.getByLabel('Pick a start time for Friday').fill('09:00')
+		await fridayItem.getByLabel('Pick a end time for Friday').fill('18:00')
+
+		// Wait for the PROPPATCH save request before clicking
+		const saveResponse = page.waitForResponse(
+			(r) => r.url().includes('/remote.php/dav/calendars/') && r.url().includes('/inbox') && r.request().method() === 'PROPPATCH',
+		)
+		await page.locator('#availability').getByRole('button', { name: 'Save' }).click()
+		await saveResponse
+
+		await page.reload()
+
+		// After reload Friday should have a slot (no longer shows "No working hours set")
+		await expect(page.locator('#availability').getByRole('listitem').filter({ hasText: 'Friday' })).not.toContainText('No working hours set')
+	})
+
+	test('Users can set their absence', async ({ page }) => {
+		// Create a specific replacement user
+		const replacementUser = new User('replacement-user', 'password')
+		await runOcc(['user:delete', replacementUser.userId]).catch(() => {})
+		await addUser(replacementUser)
+
+		try {
+			await page.goto('settings/user/availability')
+
+			await page.getByRole('heading', { name: /absence/i }).scrollIntoViewIfNeeded()
+
+			const absenceSection = page.locator('#absence')
+
+			// Fill date fields (NcDateTimePickerNative with type="date")
+			await absenceSection.getByLabel('First day').fill('2024-12-24')
+			await absenceSection.getByLabel(/Last day/i).fill('2024-12-28')
+
+			// Fill text fields
+			await absenceSection.getByRole('textbox', { name: /Short absence/i }).fill('Vacation')
+			await absenceSection.getByRole('textbox', { name: /Long absence/i }).fill('Happy holidays!')
+
+			// Search for the replacement user via NcSelectUsers
+			const userSearchInput = absenceSection.getByLabel('Out of office replacement (optional)')
+			const searchResponse = page.waitForResponse(
+				(r) => r.url().includes('/apps/files_sharing/api/v1/sharees') && r.url().includes('search=replacement'),
+			)
+			await userSearchInput.click()
+			await userSearchInput.fill('replacement')
+			await searchResponse
+
+			await page.getByRole('option', { name: 'replacement-user' }).click()
+
+			// Save and wait for the OCS POST
+			const saveResponse = page.waitForResponse(
+				(r) => r.url().includes('/apps/dav/api/v1/outOfOffice/') && r.request().method() === 'POST',
+			)
+			await absenceSection.getByRole('button', { name: 'Save' }).click()
+			await saveResponse
+
+			await page.reload()
+
+			// Verify all fields are persisted after reload
+			await expect(absenceSection.getByLabel('First day')).toHaveValue('2024-12-24')
+			await expect(absenceSection.getByLabel(/Last day/i)).toHaveValue('2024-12-28')
+			await expect(absenceSection.getByRole('textbox', { name: /Short absence/i })).toHaveValue('Vacation')
+			await expect(absenceSection.getByRole('textbox', { name: /Long absence/i })).toHaveValue('Happy holidays!')
+			// NcSelectUsers (single-select) shows the selected user in .vs__selected and a "Clear selected" button
+			await expect(absenceSection.locator('.vs__selected')).toContainText('replacement-user')
+		} finally {
+			await runOcc(['user:delete', replacementUser.userId])
+		}
+	})
+})
diff --git a/tests/playwright/e2e/systemtags/admin-settings.spec.ts b/tests/playwright/e2e/systemtags/admin-settings.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a79322d5eed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/e2e/systemtags/admin-settings.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+import { runOcc } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server/docker'
+import { test } from '../../support/fixtures/admin-session.ts'
+
+const tagName = 'foo'
+const updatedTagName = 'bar'
+
+test.describe('System tags admin settings', () => {
+	// Tests are sequential: update depends on create, delete depends on update
+	test.describe.configure({ mode: 'serial' })
+
+	test.beforeAll(async () => {
+		// Delete all existing tags so each test run starts from a clean state
+		const output = await runOcc(['tag:list', '--output=json'])
+		const tags = JSON.parse(output) as Record<string, unknown>
+		await Promise.all(Object.keys(tags).map((id) => runOcc(['tag:delete', id]).catch(() => {})))
+	})
+
+	test('Can create a tag', async ({ page }) => {
+		await page.goto('settings/admin/server')
+
+		// Scroll the collaborative tags section into view — the admin settings page is long
+		await page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Collaborative tags' }).scrollIntoViewIfNeeded()
+
+		const tagNameInput = page.getByLabel('Tag name')
+		await expect(tagNameInput).toHaveValue('')
+
+		// Create the tag and intercept the DAV POST
+		const createResponse = page.waitForResponse(
+			(r) => r.url().includes('/remote.php/dav/systemtags') && r.request().method() === 'POST',
+		)
+		await tagNameInput.fill(tagName)
+		await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Create' }).click()
+		expect((await createResponse).status()).toBe(201)
+
+		// The form resets after creation — verify the tag now appears in the selection dropdown
+		await page.getByRole('combobox', { name: 'Search for a tag to edit' }).click()
+		await expect(page.getByRole('option', { name: tagName })).toBeVisible()
+	})
+
+	test('Can update a tag', async ({ page }) => {
+		await page.goto('settings/admin/server')
+		await page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Collaborative tags' }).scrollIntoViewIfNeeded()
+
+		// Select the tag to edit
+		await page.getByRole('combobox', { name: 'Search for a tag to edit' }).click()
+		await page.getByRole('option', { name: tagName }).click()
+
+		// Verify the form reflects the selected tag
+		await expect(page.getByLabel('Tag name')).toHaveValue(tagName)
+		// NcSelect single-select: selected level appears inline in .vs__selected
+		await expect(page.locator('.system-tag-form__group:has(#system-tag-level) .vs__selected')).toContainText('Public')
+
+		// Update the name
+		await page.getByLabel('Tag name').fill(updatedTagName)
+
+		// Change the level — click opens the teleported VueSelect dropdown
+		await page.locator('#system-tag-level').click()
+		await page.getByRole('option', { name: 'Invisible' }).click()
+
+		const updateResponse = page.waitForResponse(
+			(r) => r.url().includes('/remote.php/dav/systemtags/') && r.request().method() === 'PROPPATCH',
+		)
+		await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Update' }).click()
+		expect((await updateResponse).status()).toBe(207)
+
+		// NcEllipsisedOption splits names ≥ 10 chars across two spans, breaking the accessible name.
+		// "bar (invisible)" (15 chars) splits at position 8 → accessible name "bar (inv isible)".
+		// Use filter({ hasText }) to match on text content instead of the exact accessible name.
+		await page.getByRole('combobox', { name: 'Search for a tag to edit' }).click()
+		await expect(page.getByRole('option').filter({ hasText: updatedTagName })).toBeVisible()
+	})
+
+	test('Can delete a tag', async ({ page }) => {
+		await page.goto('settings/admin/server')
+		await page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Collaborative tags' }).scrollIntoViewIfNeeded()
+
+		// Select the invisible tag to delete
+		await page.getByRole('combobox', { name: 'Search for a tag to edit' }).click()
+		await page.getByRole('option').filter({ hasText: updatedTagName }).click()
+
+		// Verify the form reflects the selected tag
+		await expect(page.getByLabel('Tag name')).toHaveValue(updatedTagName)
+		await expect(page.locator('.system-tag-form__group:has(#system-tag-level) .vs__selected')).toContainText('Invisible')
+
+		const deleteResponse = page.waitForResponse(
+			(r) => r.url().includes('/remote.php/dav/systemtags/') && r.request().method() === 'DELETE',
+		)
+		await page.locator('.system-tag-form__row').getByRole('button', { name: 'Delete' }).click()
+		expect((await deleteResponse).status()).toBe(204)
+
+		// Verify the tag is gone from the dropdown
+		await page.getByRole('combobox', { name: 'Search for a tag to edit' }).click()
+		await expect(page.getByRole('option').filter({ hasText: updatedTagName })).not.toBeVisible()
+	})
+})
diff --git a/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/a11y-color-contrast.spec.ts b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/a11y-color-contrast.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..576ba6a96fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/a11y-color-contrast.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { runOcc } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server/docker'
+import { createRandomUser, login } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server/playwright'
+import { expect, test } from '@playwright/test'
+
+const themesToTest = ['light', 'dark', 'light-highcontrast', 'dark-highcontrast']
+
+const testCases = {
+	'Main text': {
+		foregroundColors: ['color-main-text', 'color-text-maxcontrast'],
+		backgroundColors: ['color-main-background', 'color-background-hover', 'color-background-dark'],
+	},
+	'blurred background': {
+		foregroundColors: ['color-main-text', 'color-text-maxcontrast-blur'],
+		backgroundColors: ['color-main-background-blur'],
+	},
+	Primary: {
+		foregroundColors: ['color-primary-text'],
+		backgroundColors: ['color-primary'],
+	},
+	'Primary light': {
+		foregroundColors: ['color-primary-light-text'],
+		backgroundColors: ['color-primary-light', 'color-primary-light-hover'],
+	},
+	'Primary element': {
+		foregroundColors: ['color-primary-element-text', 'color-primary-element-text-dark'],
+		backgroundColors: ['color-primary-element', 'color-primary-element-hover'],
+	},
+	'Primary element light': {
+		foregroundColors: ['color-primary-element-light-text'],
+		backgroundColors: ['color-primary-element-light', 'color-primary-element-light-hover'],
+	},
+	'Severity information texts': {
+		foregroundColors: ['color-error-text', 'color-warning-text', 'color-success-text', 'color-info-text'],
+		backgroundColors: ['color-main-background', 'color-background-hover'],
+	},
+	'Severity information on blur': {
+		foregroundColors: ['color-error-text', 'color-success-text'],
+		backgroundColors: ['color-main-background-blur'],
+	},
+}
+
+for (const theme of themesToTest) {
+	test(`Accessibility of Nextcloud theming colors: ${theme}`, async ({ page, context }) => {
+		const user = await createRandomUser()
+		const failures: string[] = []
+
+		try {
+			await runOcc(['user:setting', '--', user.userId, 'theming', 'enabled-themes', `["${theme}"]`])
+			await login(context.request, user)
+			await page.goto('')
+
+			await page.addScriptTag({ path: resolve(process.cwd(), 'node_modules/axe-core/axe.min.js') })
+
+			for (const [groupName, { foregroundColors, backgroundColors }] of Object.entries(testCases)) {
+				for (const foreground of foregroundColors) {
+					for (const background of backgroundColors) {
+						await page.evaluate(({ foregroundValue, backgroundValue }) => {
+							document.body.style.backgroundImage = 'unset'
+							const root = document.querySelector('#content')
+							if (!root) {
+								throw new Error('No test root found')
+							}
+
+							root.innerHTML = ''
+
+							const wrapper = document.createElement('div')
+							wrapper.style.padding = '14px'
+							wrapper.style.color = `var(--${foregroundValue})`
+							wrapper.style.backgroundColor = `var(--${backgroundValue})`
+							if (backgroundValue.includes('blur')) {
+								wrapper.style.backdropFilter = 'var(--filter-background-blur)'
+							}
+
+							const testCase = document.createElement('div')
+							testCase.innerText = `${foregroundValue} ${backgroundValue}`
+							testCase.setAttribute('data-cy-testcase', '')
+
+							wrapper.append(testCase)
+							root.append(wrapper)
+						}, {
+							foregroundValue: foreground,
+							backgroundValue: background,
+						})
+
+						const axeResult = await page.evaluate(async () => {
+							const axe = (window as any).axe
+							if (!axe) {
+								throw new Error('axe is not loaded')
+							}
+
+							return axe.run('[data-cy-testcase]', {
+								runOnly: {
+									type: 'rule',
+									values: ['color-contrast'],
+								},
+							})
+						})
+
+						if (axeResult.violations.length > 0) {
+							failures.push(`${groupName}: ${foreground} on ${background}`)
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		} finally {
+			await runOcc(['user:delete', user.userId])
+		}
+
+		expect(failures).toEqual([])
+	})
+}
diff --git a/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-background.spec.ts b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-background.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..535946b6a0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-background.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { createRandomUser, login } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server/playwright'
+import { runOcc } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server/docker'
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+import { test } from '../../support/fixtures/admin-theming-page.ts'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { getBodyThemingSnapshot, pickColor } from '../../support/utils/theming.ts'
+
+test.describe('Admin theming background settings', () => {
+	test.describe.configure({ mode: 'serial' })
+
+	test.beforeEach(async ({ adminThemingPage, page }) => {
+		await adminThemingPage.reset()
+		await adminThemingPage.open()
+		if (await adminThemingPage.disableUserThemingCheckbox().isChecked()) {
+			await Promise.all([
+				page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+				adminThemingPage.disableUserThemingCheckbox().uncheck({ force: true }),
+			])
+		}
+	})
+
+	test('Remove default background and restore it', async ({ adminThemingPage, page }) => {
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.backgroundAndColorHeading()).toBeVisible()
+		if (await adminThemingPage.removeBackgroundImageCheckbox().isChecked()) {
+			await Promise.all([
+				page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+				adminThemingPage.removeBackgroundImageCheckbox().uncheck({ force: true }),
+			])
+		}
+
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.removeBackgroundImageCheckbox().check({ force: true }),
+		])
+
+		await page.goto('/index.php/logout')
+		await page.goto('/index.php/login')
+		await expect.poll(async () => (await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)).backgroundImage).toBe('none')
+
+		await adminThemingPage.reset()
+		await page.goto('settings/admin/theming')
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.backgroundAndColorHeading()).toBeVisible()
+	})
+
+	test('Disable user theming', async ({ adminThemingPage, page, context }) => {
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.disableUserThemingCheckbox()).not.toBeChecked()
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.disableUserThemingCheckbox().check({ force: true }),
+		])
+
+		const user = await createRandomUser()
+		try {
+			await login(context.request, user)
+			await page.goto('settings/user/theming')
+			await expect(page.getByText('Customization has been disabled by your administrator')).toBeVisible()
+		} finally {
+			await runOcc(['user:delete', user.userId])
+		}
+	})
+
+	test('Remove default background with custom color', async ({ adminThemingPage, page, context }) => {
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.backgroundAndColorHeading()).toBeVisible()
+		const backgroundColorButton = page.getByRole('button', { name: /Background color/ })
+		const selectedColor = await pickColor(page, backgroundColorButton, 2)
+		expect(selectedColor).toBeTruthy()
+
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.removeBackgroundImageCheckbox().check({ force: true }),
+		])
+
+		await page.goto('/index.php/logout')
+		await page.goto('/index.php/login')
+		await expect.poll(async () => (await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)).backgroundImage).toBe('none')
+	})
+
+	test('User default background reflects admin custom background and color', async ({ adminThemingPage, page, context }) => {
+		const imagePath = resolve(process.cwd(), 'cypress/fixtures/image.jpg')
+
+		await page.locator('input[type="file"][name="background"]').setInputFiles(imagePath)
+		await page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/uploadImage') && response.request().method() === 'POST')
+
+		const backgroundColorButton = page.getByRole('button', { name: /Background color/ })
+		await pickColor(page, backgroundColorButton, 1)
+		await page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST')
+
+		await page.goto('/index.php/logout')
+		const user = await createRandomUser()
+		try {
+			await login(context.request, user)
+			await page.goto('settings/user/theming')
+			await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Default background' })).toHaveAttribute('aria-pressed', 'true')
+			const snapshot = await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)
+			expect(snapshot.backgroundImage).toContain('/apps/theming/image/background?v=')
+		} finally {
+			await runOcc(['user:delete', user.userId])
+		}
+	})
+
+	test('User default background reflects admin removed background', async ({ adminThemingPage, page, context }) => {
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.removeBackgroundImageCheckbox().check({ force: true }),
+		])
+
+		await page.goto('/index.php/logout')
+		const user = await createRandomUser()
+		try {
+			await login(context.request, user)
+			await page.goto('settings/user/theming')
+			await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Default background' })).toHaveAttribute('aria-pressed', 'true')
+			await expect.poll(async () => (await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)).backgroundImage).toBe('none')
+		} finally {
+			await runOcc(['user:delete', user.userId])
+		}
+	})
+})
diff --git a/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-branding.spec.ts b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-branding.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d78409a26d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-branding.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { User } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server'
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+import { test } from '../../support/fixtures/admin-theming-page.ts'
+
+const admin = new User('admin', 'admin')
+
+test.describe('Admin theming branding settings', () => {
+	test.describe.configure({ mode: 'serial' })
+
+	test.beforeEach(async ({ adminThemingPage }) => {
+		await adminThemingPage.reset()
+		await adminThemingPage.open()
+	})
+
+	test('Set project links and verify persisted values', async ({ adminThemingPage, page }) => {
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.webLinkInput()).toHaveAttribute('type', 'url')
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.legalNoticeLinkInput()).toHaveAttribute('type', 'url')
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.privacyPolicyLinkInput()).toHaveAttribute('type', 'url')
+
+		await adminThemingPage.webLinkInput().fill('http://example.com/path?query#fragment')
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.webLinkInput().press('Enter'),
+		])
+
+		await adminThemingPage.legalNoticeLinkInput().fill('http://example.com/legal?query#fragment')
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.legalNoticeLinkInput().press('Enter'),
+		])
+
+		await adminThemingPage.privacyPolicyLinkInput().fill('http://privacy.local/path?query#fragment')
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.privacyPolicyLinkInput().press('Enter'),
+		])
+
+		await page.reload()
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.webLinkInput()).toHaveValue('http://example.com/path?query#fragment')
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.legalNoticeLinkInput()).toHaveValue('http://example.com/legal?query#fragment')
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.privacyPolicyLinkInput()).toHaveValue('http://privacy.local/path?query#fragment')
+	})
+
+	test('Set and undo login fields', async ({ adminThemingPage, page }) => {
+		const name = 'ABCdef123'
+		const url = 'https://example.com'
+		const slogan = 'Testing is fun'
+
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.nameInput().fill(name),
+		])
+		await adminThemingPage.nameInput().press('Enter')
+
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.webLinkInput().fill(url),
+		])
+		await adminThemingPage.webLinkInput().press('Enter')
+
+		await Promise.all([
+			page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+			adminThemingPage.sloganInput().fill(slogan),
+		])
+		await adminThemingPage.sloganInput().press('Enter')
+
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.undoChangesButtons()).toHaveCount(3)
+
+		for (let index = 0; index < 3; index++) {
+			await Promise.all([
+				page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/undoChanges') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+				adminThemingPage.undoChangesButtons().first().click(),
+			])
+		}
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.undoChangesButtons()).toHaveCount(0)
+	})
+
+	test('Web link corner cases', async ({ adminThemingPage, page }) => {
+		await setUrlFieldAndWait(page, adminThemingPage.webLinkInput(), 'http://example.com/%22path%20with%20space%22')
+		await page.reload()
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.webLinkInput()).toHaveValue('http://example.com/%22path%20with%20space%22')
+
+		await setUrlFieldAndWait(page, adminThemingPage.webLinkInput(), 'http://example.com/"path"')
+		await page.reload()
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.webLinkInput()).toHaveValue('http://example.com/%22path%22')
+
+		await setUrlFieldAndWait(page, adminThemingPage.webLinkInput(), 'http://example.com/"the%20path"')
+		await page.reload()
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.webLinkInput()).toHaveValue('http://example.com/%22the%20path%22')
+	})
+})
+
+async function setUrlFieldAndWait(page: import('@playwright/test').Page, locator: import('@playwright/test').Locator, value: string) {
+	await locator.fill(value)
+	await Promise.all([
+		page.waitForResponse((response) => response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet') && response.request().method() === 'POST'),
+		locator.press('Enter'),
+	])
+}
diff --git a/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-colors.spec.ts b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-colors.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9becf0aef03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-colors.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+import { test } from '../../support/fixtures/admin-theming-page.ts'
+import { pickColor } from '../../support/utils/theming.ts'
+
+test.beforeEach(async ({ adminThemingPage }) => {
+	await adminThemingPage.reset()
+	await adminThemingPage.open()
+})
+
+test('Change the primary color and reset it', async ({ adminThemingPage, page }) => {
+	await page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Background and color' }).scrollIntoViewIfNeeded()
+
+	const primaryColorButton = page.getByRole('button', { name: /Primary color/ })
+	const updateStylesheetResponse = page.waitForResponse((response) => {
+		return response.url().includes('/apps/theming/ajax/updateStylesheet')
+			&& response.request().method() === 'POST'
+	})
+	await pickColor(page, primaryColorButton, 3)
+	expect(await updateStylesheetResponse).toBeTruthy()
+
+	await page.goto('settings/admin/theming')
+	await adminThemingPage.reset()
+	await page.goto('settings/admin/theming')
+	await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Background and color' })).toBeVisible()
+})
diff --git a/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-default-app.spec.ts b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-default-app.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b82a1fa5316
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/admin-settings-default-app.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+import { runOcc } from '@nextcloud/e2e-test-server/docker'
+import { test } from '../../support/fixtures/admin-theming-page.ts'
+import { NavigationHeaderPage } from '../../support/sections/NavigationHeaderPage.ts'
+
+test.describe('Admin theming set default apps', () => {
+	// we need serial mode to reset the default app setting after each test
+	// and to restore the default app to dashboard at the end of the tests.
+	// Otherwise, the tests would influence each other and lead to random failures (race condition when run in parallel).
+	test.describe.configure({ mode: 'serial' })
+
+	test.beforeEach(async ({ adminThemingPage, page, context }) => {
+		await runOcc(['config:system:set', 'defaultapp', '--value', 'dashboard'])
+		await adminThemingPage.reset()
+		await page.goto('')
+	})
+
+	test.afterAll(async () => {
+		await runOcc(['config:system:set', 'defaultapp', '--value', 'dashboard'])
+	})
+
+	test('See the current default app is the dashboard', async ({ page }) => {
+		const navigationHeader = new NavigationHeaderPage(page)
+
+		await expect(page).toHaveURL(/apps\/dashboard/)
+		await navigationHeader.logo().click()
+		await expect(page).toHaveURL(/apps\/dashboard/)
+	})
+
+	test('Can configure and switch the default app to files', async ({ adminThemingPage }) => {
+		await adminThemingPage.open()
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.defaultAppSwitch()).toBeVisible()
+		if (await adminThemingPage.defaultAppSwitch().isChecked()) {
+			await adminThemingPage.defaultAppSwitch().uncheck({ force: true })
+		}
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.defaultAppSwitch()).not.toBeChecked()
+
+		await adminThemingPage.defaultAppSwitch().check({ force: true })
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.defaultAppSwitch()).toBeChecked()
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.defaultAppRegion()).toBeVisible()
+
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.defaultAppSelect().getByText('Dashboard')).toBeVisible()
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.defaultAppSelect().getByText('Files')).toBeVisible()
+
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.appOrderEntries()).toHaveCount(2)
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.appOrderEntries().nth(0)).toContainText('Dashboard')
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.appOrderEntries().nth(1)).toContainText('Files')
+
+		await adminThemingPage.moveUpButton('Files').click()
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.moveUpButton('Files')).toHaveCount(0)
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.appOrderEntries().nth(0)).toContainText('Files')
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.appOrderEntries().nth(1)).toContainText('Dashboard')
+
+		await adminThemingPage.defaultAppSwitch().uncheck({ force: true })
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.defaultAppSwitch()).not.toBeChecked()
+		await expect(adminThemingPage.defaultAppRegion()).toHaveCount(0)
+	})
+})
diff --git a/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/user-settings-app-order.spec.ts b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/user-settings-app-order.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..305334635d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/user-settings-app-order.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+import { test } from '../../support/fixtures/random-user-session.ts'
+import { NavigationHeaderPage } from '../../support/sections/NavigationHeaderPage.ts'
+import { UserThemingPage } from '../../support/sections/UserThemingPage.ts'
+
+test('User can change personal app order', async ({ page }) => {
+	const userThemingPage = new UserThemingPage(page)
+	const navigationHeader = new NavigationHeaderPage(page)
+
+	await userThemingPage.open()
+
+	await expect(userThemingPage.appOrderEntries()).toHaveCount(2)
+	await expect(userThemingPage.appOrderEntries().nth(0)).toContainText('Dashboard')
+	await expect(userThemingPage.appOrderEntries().nth(1)).toContainText('Files')
+
+	await expect(navigationHeader.navigationEntries().nth(0)).toContainText('Dashboard')
+	await expect(navigationHeader.navigationEntries().nth(1)).toContainText('Files')
+
+	const initialFirstEntry = await userThemingPage.appOrderEntries().nth(0).innerText()
+	if (/Dashboard/i.test(initialFirstEntry)) {
+		const moveUpButton = userThemingPage.appEntry('Files').locator('button[aria-label="Move up"]').first()
+		if (await moveUpButton.count() > 0) {
+			await moveUpButton.evaluate((element) => {
+				(element as HTMLButtonElement).click()
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	const currentOrder = (await userThemingPage.appOrderEntries().allInnerTexts()).map((entry) => entry.trim())
+	expect(currentOrder).toContain('Dashboard')
+	expect(currentOrder).toContain('Files')
+
+	await page.reload()
+	const reloadedOrder = (await userThemingPage.appOrderEntries().allInnerTexts()).map((entry) => entry.trim())
+	expect(reloadedOrder).toContain('Dashboard')
+	expect(reloadedOrder).toContain('Files')
+	await expect(navigationHeader.navigationEntries().nth(0)).toContainText(reloadedOrder[0]!)
+	await expect(navigationHeader.navigationEntries().nth(1)).toContainText(reloadedOrder[1]!)
+})
diff --git a/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/user-settings-background.spec.ts b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/user-settings-background.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eec6c53b8e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/e2e/theming/user-settings-background.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+import { test } from '../../support/fixtures/random-user-session.ts'
+import { getBodyThemingSnapshot, pickColor } from '../../support/utils/theming.ts'
+
+test('User can configure background and plain color', async ({ page }) => {
+	await page.goto('settings/user/theming')
+	await page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Background and color' }).waitFor({ state: 'visible' })
+
+	await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Default background', pressed: true })).toBeVisible()
+
+	const darkBackground = 'anatoly-mikhaltsov-butterfly-wing-scale.jpg'
+	const darkBackgroundName = 'Background picture of a red-ish butterfly wing under microscope'
+	await page.getByRole('button', { name: darkBackgroundName, pressed: false }).click()
+	await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: darkBackgroundName, pressed: true })).toBeVisible()
+	await expect.poll(async () => (await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)).backgroundImage).toContain(darkBackground)
+
+	const brightBackground = 'bernie-cetonia-aurata-take-off-composition.jpg'
+	const brightBackgroundName = 'Montage of a cetonia aurata bug that takes off with white background'
+	await page.getByRole('button', { name: brightBackgroundName, pressed: false }).click()
+	await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: brightBackgroundName, pressed: true })).toBeVisible()
+	await expect.poll(async () => (await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)).backgroundImage).toContain(brightBackground)
+
+	const plainBackgroundButton = page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Plain background' })
+	await pickColor(page, plainBackgroundButton, 7)
+	await expect.poll(async () => (await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)).backgroundImage).toBe('none')
+
+	await page.reload()
+	await expect.poll(async () => (await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)).backgroundImage).toBe('none')
+})
diff --git a/tests/playwright/support/fixtures/admin-theming-page.ts b/tests/playwright/support/fixtures/admin-theming-page.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f2d232915e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/support/fixtures/admin-theming-page.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import { test as adminSessionTest } from './admin-session.ts'
+import { AdminThemingPage } from '../sections/AdminThemingPage.ts'
+
+export const test = adminSessionTest.extend<{ adminThemingPage: AdminThemingPage }>({
+	adminThemingPage: async ({ page }, use) => {
+		const adminThemingPage = new AdminThemingPage(page)
+		await use(adminThemingPage)
+	},
+})
diff --git a/tests/playwright/support/sections/AdminThemingPage.ts b/tests/playwright/support/sections/AdminThemingPage.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..44520c5a640
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/support/sections/AdminThemingPage.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import type { Locator, Page } from '@playwright/test'
+
+export class AdminThemingPage {
+	constructor(private readonly page: Page) {}
+
+	async open() {
+		await this.page.goto('settings/admin/theming')
+		await this.page.getByText('Navigation bar settings').waitFor({ state: 'visible' })
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Resets the admin theming settings to default using HTTP request.
+	 *
+	 * @param request - The APIRequestContext to perform the request with admin credentials.
+	 */
+	async reset() {
+		const tokenResponse = await this.page.request.get('/csrftoken', {
+			failOnStatusCode: true,
+		})
+		const requestToken = (await tokenResponse.json()).token
+	
+		const response = await this.page.request.post('/apps/theming/ajax/undoAllChanges', {
+			headers: {
+				requesttoken: requestToken,
+			},
+		})
+	
+		if (!response.ok) {
+			throw new Error(`Failed to reset theming settings (${response.status})`)
+		}
+	}
+
+	defaultAppSwitch(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('checkbox', { name: 'Use custom default app' })
+	}
+
+	defaultAppRegion(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('region', { name: 'Global default app' })
+	}
+
+	defaultAppSelect(): Locator {
+		return this.defaultAppRegion().getByRole('combobox')
+	}
+
+	appOrderList(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('list', { name: 'Navigation bar app order' })
+	}
+
+	appOrderEntries(): Locator {
+		return this.appOrderList().getByRole('listitem')
+	}
+
+	appEntry(name: string): Locator {
+		return this.appOrderEntries().filter({ hasText: name })
+	}
+
+	moveUpButton(appName: string): Locator {
+		return this.appEntry(appName).getByRole('button', { name: 'Move up' })
+	}
+
+	backgroundAndColorHeading(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Background and color' })
+	}
+
+	webLinkInput(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('textbox', { name: /web link/i })
+	}
+
+	legalNoticeLinkInput(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('textbox', { name: /legal notice link/i })
+	}
+
+	privacyPolicyLinkInput(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('textbox', { name: /privacy policy link/i })
+	}
+
+	nameInput(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Name' })
+	}
+
+	sloganInput(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Slogan' })
+	}
+
+	undoChangesButtons(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('button', { name: /undo changes/i })
+	}
+
+	removeBackgroundImageCheckbox(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('checkbox', { name: /remove background image/i })
+	}
+
+	disableUserThemingCheckbox(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('checkbox', { name: /disable user theming/i })
+	}
+}
diff --git a/tests/playwright/support/sections/NavigationHeaderPage.ts b/tests/playwright/support/sections/NavigationHeaderPage.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..543fccd8304
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/support/sections/NavigationHeaderPage.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import type { Locator, Page } from '@playwright/test'
+
+export class NavigationHeaderPage {
+	constructor(private readonly page: Page) {}
+
+	private get header(): Locator {
+		return this.page.locator('header#header')
+	}
+
+	logo(): Locator {
+		return this.header.locator('#nextcloud')
+	}
+
+	navigation(): Locator {
+		return this.header.getByRole('navigation', { name: 'Applications menu' })
+	}
+
+	navigationEntries(): Locator {
+		return this.navigation().getByRole('listitem')
+	}
+}
diff --git a/tests/playwright/support/sections/UserThemingPage.ts b/tests/playwright/support/sections/UserThemingPage.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a67b98ec9ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/support/sections/UserThemingPage.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import type { Locator, Page } from '@playwright/test'
+
+export class UserThemingPage {
+	constructor(private readonly page: Page) {}
+
+	async open() {
+		await this.page.goto('settings/user/theming')
+		await this.page.getByRole('heading', { name: /Navigation bar settings/ }).waitFor({ state: 'visible' })
+	}
+
+	appOrderList(): Locator {
+		return this.page.getByRole('list', { name: 'Navigation bar app order' })
+	}
+
+	appOrderEntries(): Locator {
+		return this.appOrderList().getByRole('listitem')
+	}
+
+	appEntry(name: string): Locator {
+		return this.appOrderEntries().filter({ hasText: name })
+	}
+
+	moveUpButton(appName: string): Locator {
+		return this.appEntry(appName).getByRole('button', { name: 'Move up', includeHidden: true })
+	}
+}
diff --git a/tests/playwright/support/utils/theming.ts b/tests/playwright/support/utils/theming.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..300e19e8851
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/playwright/support/utils/theming.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+import type { Locator, Page } from '@playwright/test'
+
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+
+export const defaultPrimary = '#00679e'
+export const defaultBackground = 'jo-myoung-hee-fluid.webp'
+
+export async function getBodyThemingSnapshot(page: Page) {
+	return page.evaluate(() => {
+		const styles = getComputedStyle(document.body)
+		return {
+			primary: styles.getPropertyValue('--color-primary').trim(),
+			backgroundColor: styles.backgroundColor,
+			backgroundImage: styles.backgroundImage,
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+export async function expectBodyThemingCss(page: Page, expected: {
+	primary?: string
+	background?: string | null
+	backgroundColor?: string | null
+}) {
+	await expect.poll(async () => {
+		const snapshot = await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)
+		const expectedPrimary = expected.primary ?? defaultPrimary
+		const normalizedPrimary = await normalizeColor(page, snapshot.primary)
+		const normalizedExpectedPrimary = await normalizeColor(page, expectedPrimary)
+
+		const expectedBackgroundColor = expected.backgroundColor ?? defaultPrimary
+		const normalizedBackground = expectedBackgroundColor === null
+			? null
+			: await normalizeColor(page, expectedBackgroundColor)
+
+		const expectedBackground = expected.background === undefined ? defaultBackground : expected.background
+
+		const validPrimary = normalizedPrimary === normalizedExpectedPrimary
+		const validBackgroundColor = normalizedBackground === null || snapshot.backgroundColor === normalizedBackground
+		const validBackgroundImage = expectedBackground === null
+			? snapshot.backgroundImage === 'none'
+			: snapshot.backgroundImage.includes(expectedBackground)
+
+		return validPrimary && validBackgroundColor && validBackgroundImage
+	}, {
+		timeout: 10000,
+		message: 'Expected body theming CSS to match expected values',
+	}).toBeTruthy()
+}
+
+export async function expectPrimaryColor(page: Page, expectedColor: string) {
+	const normalizedExpectedPrimary = await normalizeColor(page, expectedColor)
+
+	await expect.poll(async () => {
+		const snapshot = await getBodyThemingSnapshot(page)
+		return normalizeColor(page, snapshot.primary)
+	}, {
+		timeout: 10000,
+		message: 'Expected primary color CSS variable to match',
+	}).toBe(normalizedExpectedPrimary)
+}
+
+export async function pickColor(page: Page, trigger: Locator, index: number) {
+	const oldColor = await trigger.evaluate((element) => getComputedStyle(element as HTMLElement).backgroundColor)
+
+	await trigger.click({ force: true })
+	await page.locator('.color-picker__simple-color-circle').nth(index).click()
+	await page.getByRole('button', { name: /Choose/i }).click()
+
+	await expect.poll(async () => {
+		return trigger.evaluate((element) => getComputedStyle(element as HTMLElement).backgroundColor)
+	}).not.toBe(oldColor)
+
+	return trigger.evaluate((element) => getComputedStyle(element as HTMLElement).backgroundColor)
+}
+
+async function normalizeColor(page: Page, color: string) {
+	return page.evaluate((value) => {
+		const element = document.createElement('div')
+		element.style.color = value
+		document.body.append(element)
+		const normalized = getComputedStyle(element).color
+		element.remove()
+		return normalized
+	}, color)
+}