certbot/certbot-dns-google/certbot_dns_google/dns_google.py

"""DNS Authenticator for Google Cloud DNS."""
import json
import logging

import httplib2
import zope.interface
from googleapiclient import discovery
from googleapiclient import errors as googleapiclient_errors
from oauth2client.service_account import ServiceAccountCredentials

from certbot import errors
from certbot import interfaces
from certbot.plugins import dns_common

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

ACCT_URL = 'https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/OAuth2ServiceAccount#creatinganaccount'
PERMISSIONS_URL = 'https://cloud.google.com/dns/access-control#permissions_and_roles'
METADATA_URL = 'http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/'
METADATA_HEADERS = {'Metadata-Flavor': 'Google'}


@zope.interface.implementer(interfaces.IAuthenticator)
@zope.interface.provider(interfaces.IPluginFactory)
class Authenticator(dns_common.DNSAuthenticator):
    """DNS Authenticator for Google Cloud DNS

    This Authenticator uses the Google Cloud DNS API to fulfill a dns-01 challenge.
    """

    description = ('Obtain certificates using a DNS TXT record (if you are using Google Cloud DNS '
                   'for DNS).')
    ttl = 60

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Authenticator, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.credentials = None

    @classmethod
    def add_parser_arguments(cls, add):  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
        super(Authenticator, cls).add_parser_arguments(add, default_propagation_seconds=60)
        add('credentials',
            help=('Path to Google Cloud DNS service account JSON file. (See {0} for' +
                  'information about creating a service account and {1} for information about the' +
                  'required permissions.)').format(ACCT_URL, PERMISSIONS_URL),
            default=None)

    def more_info(self): # pylint: disable=missing-docstring,no-self-use
        return 'This plugin configures a DNS TXT record to respond to a dns-01 challenge using ' + \
               'the Google Cloud DNS API.'

    def _setup_credentials(self):
        if self.conf('credentials') is None:
            try:
                # use project_id query to check for availability of google metadata server
                # we won't use the result but know we're not on GCP when an exception is thrown
                _GoogleClient.get_project_id()
            except (ValueError, httplib2.ServerNotFoundError):
                raise errors.PluginError('Unable to get Google Cloud Metadata and no credentials'
                                         ' specified. Automatic credential lookup is only '
                                         'available on Google Cloud Platform. Please configure'
                                         ' credentials using --dns-google-credentials <file>')
        else:
            self._configure_file('credentials',
                                 'path to Google Cloud DNS service account JSON file')

            dns_common.validate_file_permissions(self.conf('credentials'))

    def _perform(self, domain, validation_name, validation):
        self._get_google_client().add_txt_record(domain, validation_name, validation, self.ttl)

    def _cleanup(self, domain, validation_name, validation):
        self._get_google_client().del_txt_record(domain, validation_name, validation, self.ttl)

    def _get_google_client(self):
        return _GoogleClient(self.conf('credentials'))


class _GoogleClient(object):
    """
    Encapsulates all communication with the Google Cloud DNS API.
    """

    def __init__(self, account_json=None, dns_api=None):

        scopes = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/ndev.clouddns.readwrite']
        if account_json is not None:
            credentials = ServiceAccountCredentials.from_json_keyfile_name(account_json, scopes)
            with open(account_json) as account:
                self.project_id = json.load(account)['project_id']
        else:
            credentials = None
            self.project_id = self.get_project_id()

        if not dns_api:
            self.dns = discovery.build('dns', 'v1',
                                       credentials=credentials,
                                       cache_discovery=False)
        else:
            self.dns = dns_api

    def add_txt_record(self, domain, record_name, record_content, record_ttl):
        """
        Add a TXT record using the supplied information.

        :param str domain: The domain to use to look up the managed zone.
        :param str record_name: The record name (typically beginning with '_acme-challenge.').
        :param str record_content: The record content (typically the challenge validation).
        :param int record_ttl: The record TTL (number of seconds that the record may be cached).
        :raises certbot.errors.PluginError: if an error occurs communicating with the Google API
        """

        zone_id = self._find_managed_zone_id(domain)

        record_contents = self.get_existing_txt_rrset(zone_id, record_name)
        if record_contents is None:
            record_contents = []
        add_records = record_contents[:]

        if "\""+record_content+"\"" in record_contents:
            # The process was interrupted previously and validation token exists
            return

        add_records.append(record_content)

        data = {
            "kind": "dns#change",
            "additions": [
                {
                    "kind": "dns#resourceRecordSet",
                    "type": "TXT",
                    "name": record_name + ".",
                    "rrdatas": add_records,
                    "ttl": record_ttl,
                },
            ],
        }

        if record_contents:
            # We need to remove old records in the same request
            data["deletions"] = [
                {
                    "kind": "dns#resourceRecordSet",
                    "type": "TXT",
                    "name": record_name + ".",
                    "rrdatas": record_contents,
                    "ttl": record_ttl,
                },
            ]

        changes = self.dns.changes()  # changes | pylint: disable=no-member

        try:
            request = changes.create(project=self.project_id, managedZone=zone_id, body=data)
            response = request.execute()

            status = response['status']
            change = response['id']
            while status == 'pending':
                request = changes.get(project=self.project_id, managedZone=zone_id, changeId=change)
                response = request.execute()
                status = response['status']
        except googleapiclient_errors.Error as e:
            logger.error('Encountered error adding TXT record: %s', e)
            raise errors.PluginError('Error communicating with the Google Cloud DNS API: {0}'
                                     .format(e))

    def del_txt_record(self, domain, record_name, record_content, record_ttl):
        """
        Delete a TXT record using the supplied information.

        :param str domain: The domain to use to look up the managed zone.
        :param str record_name: The record name (typically beginning with '_acme-challenge.').
        :param str record_content: The record content (typically the challenge validation).
        :param int record_ttl: The record TTL (number of seconds that the record may be cached).
        :raises certbot.errors.PluginError: if an error occurs communicating with the Google API
        """

        try:
            zone_id = self._find_managed_zone_id(domain)
        except errors.PluginError as e:
            logger.warning('Error finding zone. Skipping cleanup.')
            return

        record_contents = self.get_existing_txt_rrset(zone_id, record_name)
        if record_contents is None:
            record_contents = ["\"" + record_content + "\""]

        data = {
            "kind": "dns#change",
            "deletions": [
                {
                    "kind": "dns#resourceRecordSet",
                    "type": "TXT",
                    "name": record_name + ".",
                    "rrdatas": record_contents,
                    "ttl": record_ttl,
                },
            ],
        }

        # Remove the record being deleted from the list
        readd_contents = [r for r in record_contents if r != "\"" + record_content + "\""]
        if readd_contents:
            # We need to remove old records in the same request
            data["additions"] = [
                {
                    "kind": "dns#resourceRecordSet",
                    "type": "TXT",
                    "name": record_name + ".",
                    "rrdatas": readd_contents,
                    "ttl": record_ttl,
                },
            ]

        changes = self.dns.changes()  # changes | pylint: disable=no-member

        try:
            request = changes.create(project=self.project_id, managedZone=zone_id, body=data)
            request.execute()
        except googleapiclient_errors.Error as e:
            logger.warning('Encountered error deleting TXT record: %s', e)

    def get_existing_txt_rrset(self, zone_id, record_name):
        """
        Get existing TXT records from the RRset for the record name.

        If an error occurs while requesting the record set, it is suppressed
        and None is returned.

        :param str zone_id: The ID of the managed zone.
        :param str record_name: The record name (typically beginning with '_acme-challenge.').

        :returns: List of TXT record values or None
        :rtype: `list` of `string` or `None`

        """
        rrs_request = self.dns.resourceRecordSets()  # pylint: disable=no-member
        request = rrs_request.list(managedZone=zone_id, project=self.project_id)
        # Add dot as the API returns absolute domains
        record_name += "."
        try:
            response = request.execute()
        except googleapiclient_errors.Error:
            logger.info("Unable to list existing records. If you're "
                        "requesting a wildcard certificate, this might not work.")
            logger.debug("Error was:", exc_info=True)
        else:
            if response:
                for rr in response["rrsets"]:
                    if rr["name"] == record_name and rr["type"] == "TXT":
                        return rr["rrdatas"]
        return None

    def _find_managed_zone_id(self, domain):
        """
        Find the managed zone for a given domain.

        :param str domain: The domain for which to find the managed zone.
        :returns: The ID of the managed zone, if found.
        :rtype: str
        :raises certbot.errors.PluginError: if the managed zone cannot be found.
        """

        zone_dns_name_guesses = dns_common.base_domain_name_guesses(domain)

        mz = self.dns.managedZones()  # managedZones | pylint: disable=no-member
        for zone_name in zone_dns_name_guesses:
            try:
                request = mz.list(project=self.project_id, dnsName=zone_name + '.')
                response = request.execute()
                zones = response['managedZones']
            except googleapiclient_errors.Error as e:
                raise errors.PluginError('Encountered error finding managed zone: {0}'
                                         .format(e))

            for zone in zones:
                zone_id = zone['id']
                if 'privateVisibilityConfig' not in zone:
                    logger.debug('Found id of %s for %s using name %s', zone_id, domain, zone_name)
                    return zone_id

        raise errors.PluginError('Unable to determine managed zone for {0} using zone names: {1}.'
                                 .format(domain, zone_dns_name_guesses))

    @staticmethod
    def get_project_id():
        """
        Query the google metadata service for the current project ID

        This only works on Google Cloud Platform

        :raises ServerNotFoundError: Not running on Google Compute or DNS not available
        :raises ValueError: Server is found, but response code is not 200
        :returns: project id
        """
        url = '{0}project/project-id'.format(METADATA_URL)

        # Request an access token from the metadata server.
        http = httplib2.Http()
        r, content = http.request(url, headers=METADATA_HEADERS)
        if r.status != 200:
            raise ValueError("Invalid status code: {0}".format(r))

        if isinstance(content, bytes):
            return content.decode()
        return content