diff --git a/docs/changes.rst b/docs/changes.rst
index 4c2430f72..71f05d471 100644
--- a/docs/changes.rst
+++ b/docs/changes.rst
@@ -5,6 +5,72 @@ Important notes
 
 This section provides information about security and corruption issues.
 
+.. _archives_tam_vuln:
+
+Pre-1.2.5 archives spoofing vulnerability (CVE-2023-36811)
+----------------------------------------------------------
+
+A flaw in the cryptographic authentication scheme in Borg allowed an attacker to
+fake archives and potentially indirectly cause backup data loss in the repository.
+
+The attack requires an attacker to be able to
+
+1. insert files (with no additional headers) into backups
+2. gain write access to the repository
+
+This vulnerability does not disclose plaintext to the attacker, nor does it
+affect the authenticity of existing archives.
+
+Creating plausible fake archives may be feasible for empty or small archives,
+but is unlikely for large archives.
+
+The fix enforces checking the TAM authentication tag of archives at critical
+places. Borg now considers archives without TAM as garbage or an attack.
+
+We are not aware of others having discovered, disclosed or exploited this vulnerability.
+
+Below, if we speak of borg 1.2.5, we mean a borg version >= 1.2.5 **or** a
+borg version that has the relevant security patches for this vulnerability applied
+(could be also an older version in that case).
+
+Steps you must take to upgrade a repository:
+
+1. Upgrade all clients using this repository to borg 1.2.5.
+   Note: it is not required to upgrade a server, except if the server-side borg
+   is also used as a client (and not just for "borg serve").
+
+   Do **not** run ``borg check`` with borg 1.2.5 before completing the upgrade steps.
+
+2. Run ``borg info --debug <repository> 2>&1 | grep TAM | grep -i manifest``.
+   a) If you get "TAM-verified manifest", continue with 3.
+   b) If you get "Manifest TAM not found and not required", run
+      ``borg upgrade --tam --force <repository>`` *on every client*.
+
+3. Run ``borg list --format='{name} {time} tam:{tam}{NL}' <repository>``.
+   "tam:verified" means that the archive has a valid TAM authentication.
+   "tam:none" is expected as output for archives created by borg <1.0.9.
+   "tam:none" could also come from archives created by an attacker.
+   You should verify that "tam:none" archives are authentic and not malicious
+   (== have good content, have correct timestamp, can be extracted successfully).
+   In case you find crappy/malicious archives, you must delete them before proceeding.
+   In low-risk, trusted environments, you may decide on your own risk to skip step 3
+   and just trust in everything being OK.
+
+4. If there are no tam:non archives left at this point, you can skip this step.
+   Run ``borg upgrade --archives-tam <repository>``.
+   This will make sure all archives are TAM authenticated (an archive TAM will be added
+   for all archives still missing one).
+   ``borg check`` would consider TAM-less archives as garbage or a potential attack.
+   Optionally run the same command as in step 3 to see that all archives now are "tam:verified".
+
+
+Vulnerability time line:
+
+* 2023-06-13: Vulnerability discovered during code review by Thomas Waldmann
+* 2023-06-13...: Work on fixing the issue, upgrade procedure, docs.
+* 2023-06-30: CVE was assigned via Github CNA
+* 2023-07-xx: Released fixed version 1.2.5
+
 .. _hashindex_set_bug:
 
 Pre-1.1.11 potential index corruption / data loss issue
@@ -242,6 +308,8 @@ Some things can be recommended for the upgrade process from borg 1.1.x
   take significant time, but after that it will be fast) - for more details
   see below.
 - check the compatibility notes (see below) and adapt your scripts, if needed.
+- borg 1.2.5 has a security fix for the pre-1.2.5 archives spoofing vulnerability
+  (CVE-2023-36811), see details and necessary upgrade procedure described above.
 - if you run into any issues, please check the github issue tracker before
   posting new issues there or elsewhere.
 
@@ -299,14 +367,16 @@ Compatibility notes:
 Change Log
 ==========
 
-Version 1.2.5 (not released yet)
---------------------------------
+Version 1.2.5 (2023-08-30)
+--------------------------
 
 For upgrade and compatibility hints, please also read the section "Upgrade Notes"
 above.
 
 Fixes:
 
+- Security: fix pre-1.2.5 archives spoofing vulnerability (CVE-2023-36811),
+  see details and necessary upgrade procedure described above.
 - create: do not try to read parent dir of recursion root, #7746
 - extract: fix false warning about pattern never matching, #4110
 - diff: remove surrogates before output, #7535
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-benchmark-crud.1 b/docs/man/borg-benchmark-crud.1
index f39610d1d..9f504102b 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-benchmark-crud.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-benchmark-crud.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-BENCHMARK-CRUD" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-BENCHMARK-CRUD" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-benchmark-crud \- Benchmark Create, Read, Update, Delete for archives.
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-benchmark.1 b/docs/man/borg-benchmark.1
index 4859492d9..a3aacd355 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-benchmark.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-benchmark.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-BENCHMARK" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-BENCHMARK" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-benchmark \- benchmark command
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-break-lock.1 b/docs/man/borg-break-lock.1
index 25f5a62cd..49d3ee59b 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-break-lock.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-break-lock.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-BREAK-LOCK" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-BREAK-LOCK" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-break-lock \- Break the repository lock (e.g. in case it was left by a dead borg.
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-check.1 b/docs/man/borg-check.1
index 7db3267e0..85125bb1a 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-check.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-check.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-CHECK" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-CHECK" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-check \- Check repository consistency
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-common.1 b/docs/man/borg-common.1
index fe99b1d42..b5a761962 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-common.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-common.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-COMMON" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-COMMON" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-common \- Common options of Borg commands
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-compact.1 b/docs/man/borg-compact.1
index bf05ab41a..e7cf87f79 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-compact.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-compact.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-COMPACT" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-COMPACT" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-compact \- compact segment files in the repository
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-compression.1 b/docs/man/borg-compression.1
index 47d9ea897..e808ac6d6 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-compression.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-compression.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-COMPRESSION" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-COMPRESSION" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-compression \- Details regarding compression
 .SH DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-config.1 b/docs/man/borg-config.1
index 750b63715..527406686 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-config.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-config.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-CONFIG" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-CONFIG" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-config \- get, set, and delete values in a repository or cache config file
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-create.1 b/docs/man/borg-create.1
index dab725d2b..2c097ec17 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-create.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-create.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-CREATE" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-CREATE" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-create \- Create new archive
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-delete.1 b/docs/man/borg-delete.1
index 87869dc34..4d2808a5d 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-delete.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-delete.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-DELETE" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-DELETE" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-delete \- Delete an existing repository or archives
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-diff.1 b/docs/man/borg-diff.1
index 84c2a5517..cedbbade2 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-diff.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-diff.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-DIFF" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-DIFF" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-diff \- Diff contents of two archives
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-export-tar.1 b/docs/man/borg-export-tar.1
index e8ddee3ed..03a559818 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-export-tar.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-export-tar.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-EXPORT-TAR" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-EXPORT-TAR" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-export-tar \- Export archive contents as a tarball
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-extract.1 b/docs/man/borg-extract.1
index 55c47f50e..365e94e5a 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-extract.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-extract.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-EXTRACT" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-EXTRACT" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-extract \- Extract archive contents
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-import-tar.1 b/docs/man/borg-import-tar.1
index 14af072d4..77554154b 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-import-tar.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-import-tar.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-IMPORT-TAR" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-IMPORT-TAR" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-import-tar \- Create a backup archive from a tarball
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-info.1 b/docs/man/borg-info.1
index d6c886c3e..c1b209f21 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-info.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-info.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-INFO" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-INFO" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-info \- Show archive details such as disk space used
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-init.1 b/docs/man/borg-init.1
index ccf0b06f4..334468245 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-init.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-init.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-INIT" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-INIT" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-init \- Initialize an empty repository
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-key-change-passphrase.1 b/docs/man/borg-key-change-passphrase.1
index 50d0e7996..c55be59b3 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-key-change-passphrase.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-key-change-passphrase.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-KEY-CHANGE-PASSPHRASE" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-KEY-CHANGE-PASSPHRASE" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-key-change-passphrase \- Change repository key file passphrase
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-key-export.1 b/docs/man/borg-key-export.1
index 03528d8c3..aa9950502 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-key-export.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-key-export.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-KEY-EXPORT" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-KEY-EXPORT" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-key-export \- Export the repository key for backup
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-key-import.1 b/docs/man/borg-key-import.1
index 8a2742d72..135310813 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-key-import.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-key-import.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-KEY-IMPORT" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-KEY-IMPORT" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-key-import \- Import the repository key from backup
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-key-migrate-to-repokey.1 b/docs/man/borg-key-migrate-to-repokey.1
index 8eda9b4d7..a67ca07e6 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-key-migrate-to-repokey.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-key-migrate-to-repokey.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-KEY-MIGRATE-TO-REPOKEY" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-KEY-MIGRATE-TO-REPOKEY" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-key-migrate-to-repokey \- Migrate passphrase -> repokey
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-key.1 b/docs/man/borg-key.1
index 2dac99a44..b3c3a9070 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-key.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-key.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-KEY" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-KEY" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-key \- Manage a keyfile or repokey of a repository
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-list.1 b/docs/man/borg-list.1
index ebf2582f9..2a42b8ad3 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-list.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-list.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-LIST" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-LIST" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-list \- List archive or repository contents
 .SH SYNOPSIS
@@ -217,6 +217,8 @@ bcomment: verbatim archive comment, can contain any character except NUL
 .IP \(bu 2
 id: internal ID of the archive
 .IP \(bu 2
+tam: TAM authentication state of this archive
+.IP \(bu 2
 start: time (start) of creation of the archive
 .IP \(bu 2
 time: alias of \(dqstart\(dq
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-mount.1 b/docs/man/borg-mount.1
index 27b02579d..d0b706751 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-mount.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-mount.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-MOUNT" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-MOUNT" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-mount \- Mount archive or an entire repository as a FUSE filesystem
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-patterns.1 b/docs/man/borg-patterns.1
index a08c0ea18..7eeee6dff 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-patterns.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-patterns.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-PATTERNS" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-PATTERNS" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-patterns \- Details regarding patterns
 .SH DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-placeholders.1 b/docs/man/borg-placeholders.1
index 53a87052d..3c7121d4e 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-placeholders.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-placeholders.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-PLACEHOLDERS" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-PLACEHOLDERS" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-placeholders \- Details regarding placeholders
 .SH DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-prune.1 b/docs/man/borg-prune.1
index b7489f733..b38708cb9 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-prune.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-prune.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-PRUNE" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-PRUNE" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-prune \- Prune repository archives according to specified rules
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-recreate.1 b/docs/man/borg-recreate.1
index 04d928439..cd6d2b40b 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-recreate.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-recreate.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-RECREATE" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-RECREATE" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-recreate \- Re-create archives
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-rename.1 b/docs/man/borg-rename.1
index 627c041c3..22b75cf8b 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-rename.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-rename.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-RENAME" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-RENAME" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-rename \- Rename an existing archive
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-serve.1 b/docs/man/borg-serve.1
index 20f4f3fac..f723db1df 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-serve.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-serve.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-SERVE" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-SERVE" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-serve \- Start in server mode. This command is usually not used manually.
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-umount.1 b/docs/man/borg-umount.1
index a10e6b472..7c6e45b59 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-umount.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-umount.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-UMOUNT" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-UMOUNT" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-umount \- un-mount the FUSE filesystem
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-upgrade.1 b/docs/man/borg-upgrade.1
index 9f01dde8e..175ee9494 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-upgrade.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-upgrade.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-UPGRADE" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-UPGRADE" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-upgrade \- upgrade a repository from a previous version
 .SH SYNOPSIS
@@ -53,6 +53,23 @@ except when noted otherwise in the changelog
 .UNINDENT
 .SS Borg 1.x.y upgrades
 .sp
+Archive TAM authentication:
+.sp
+Use \fBborg upgrade \-\-archives\-tam REPO\fP to add archive TAMs to all
+archives that are not TAM authenticated yet.
+This is a convenient method to just trust all archives present \- if
+an archive does not have TAM authentication yet, a TAM will be added.
+Archives created by old borg versions < 1.0.9 do not have TAMs.
+Archives created by newer borg version should have TAMs already.
+If you have a high risk environment, you should not just run this,
+but first verify that the archives are authentic and not malicious
+(== have good content, have a good timestamp).
+Borg 1.2.5+ needs all archives to be TAM authenticated for safety reasons.
+.sp
+This upgrade needs to be done once per repository.
+.sp
+Manifest TAM authentication:
+.sp
 Use \fBborg upgrade \-\-tam REPO\fP to require manifest authentication
 introduced with Borg 1.0.9 to address security issues. This means
 that modifying the repository after doing this with a version prior
@@ -148,6 +165,9 @@ Enable manifest authentication (in key and cache) (Borg 1.0.9 and later).
 .TP
 .B  \-\-disable\-tam
 Disable manifest authentication (in key and cache).
+.TP
+.B  \-\-archives\-tam
+add TAM authentication for all archives.
 .UNINDENT
 .SH EXAMPLES
 .INDENT 0.0
diff --git a/docs/man/borg-with-lock.1 b/docs/man/borg-with-lock.1
index 5155e70f3..34b6bcbf6 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg-with-lock.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg-with-lock.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG-WITH-LOCK" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG-WITH-LOCK" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg-with-lock \- run a user specified command with the repository lock held
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borg.1 b/docs/man/borg.1
index a6b405cb8..f09a9fc39 100644
--- a/docs/man/borg.1
+++ b/docs/man/borg.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORG" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORG" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borg \- deduplicating and encrypting backup tool
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/man/borgfs.1 b/docs/man/borgfs.1
index a9f5d5fd9..d31d9cd61 100644
--- a/docs/man/borgfs.1
+++ b/docs/man/borgfs.1
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ level margin: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .\" new: \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]
 .in \\n[rst2man-indent\\n[rst2man-indent-level]]u
 ..
-.TH "BORGFS" 1 "2023-08-29" "" "borg backup tool"
+.TH "BORGFS" 1 "2023-08-30" "" "borg backup tool"
 .SH NAME
 borgfs \- Mount archive or an entire repository as a FUSE filesystem
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/docs/usage/list.rst.inc b/docs/usage/list.rst.inc
index 915daa803..c05b777a3 100644
--- a/docs/usage/list.rst.inc
+++ b/docs/usage/list.rst.inc
@@ -156,6 +156,7 @@ Keys available only when listing archives in a repository:
 - comment: archive comment interpreted as text (might be missing non-text characters, see bcomment)
 - bcomment: verbatim archive comment, can contain any character except NUL
 - id: internal ID of the archive
+- tam: TAM authentication state of this archive
 
 - start: time (start) of creation of the archive
 - time: alias of "start"
diff --git a/docs/usage/upgrade.rst.inc b/docs/usage/upgrade.rst.inc
index bb7c88d92..de6964385 100644
--- a/docs/usage/upgrade.rst.inc
+++ b/docs/usage/upgrade.rst.inc
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ borg upgrade
     +-------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
     |                                                       | ``--disable-tam``     | Disable manifest authentication (in key and cache).                                            |
     +-------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+    |                                                       | ``--archives-tam``    | add TAM authentication for all archives.                                                       |
+    +-------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
     | .. class:: borg-common-opt-ref                                                                                                                                                 |
     |                                                                                                                                                                                |
     | :ref:`common_options`                                                                                                                                                          |
@@ -54,6 +56,7 @@ borg upgrade
         --force           Force upgrade
         --tam             Enable manifest authentication (in key and cache) (Borg 1.0.9 and later).
         --disable-tam     Disable manifest authentication (in key and cache).
+        --archives-tam    add TAM authentication for all archives.
 
 
     :ref:`common_options`
@@ -80,6 +83,23 @@ You do **not** need to run it when:
 Borg 1.x.y upgrades
 +++++++++++++++++++
 
+Archive TAM authentication:
+
+Use ``borg upgrade --archives-tam REPO`` to add archive TAMs to all
+archives that are not TAM authenticated yet.
+This is a convenient method to just trust all archives present - if
+an archive does not have TAM authentication yet, a TAM will be added.
+Archives created by old borg versions < 1.0.9 do not have TAMs.
+Archives created by newer borg version should have TAMs already.
+If you have a high risk environment, you should not just run this,
+but first verify that the archives are authentic and not malicious
+(== have good content, have a good timestamp).
+Borg 1.2.5+ needs all archives to be TAM authenticated for safety reasons.
+
+This upgrade needs to be done once per repository.
+
+Manifest TAM authentication:
+
 Use ``borg upgrade --tam REPO`` to require manifest authentication
 introduced with Borg 1.0.9 to address security issues. This means
 that modifying the repository after doing this with a version prior
diff --git a/src/borg/archive.py b/src/borg/archive.py
index 9c60b611a..4155d2341 100644
--- a/src/borg/archive.py
+++ b/src/borg/archive.py
@@ -450,6 +450,7 @@ class Archive:
         self.name = name  # overwritten later with name from archive metadata
         self.name_in_manifest = name  # can differ from .name later (if borg check fixed duplicate archive names)
         self.comment = None
+        self.tam_verified = False
         self.checkpoint_interval = checkpoint_interval
         self.numeric_ids = numeric_ids
         self.noatime = noatime
@@ -488,7 +489,9 @@ class Archive:
 
     def _load_meta(self, id):
         data = self.key.decrypt(id, self.repository.get(id))
-        metadata = ArchiveItem(internal_dict=msgpack.unpackb(data))
+        # we do not require TAM for archives, otherwise we can not even borg list a repo with old archives.
+        archive, self.tam_verified, _ = self.key.unpack_and_verify_archive(data, force_tam_not_required=True)
+        metadata = ArchiveItem(internal_dict=archive)
         if metadata.version != 1:
             raise Exception('Unknown archive metadata version')
         return metadata
@@ -959,7 +962,7 @@ Utilization of max. archive size: {csize_max:.0%}
     def set_meta(self, key, value):
         metadata = self._load_meta(self.id)
         setattr(metadata, key, value)
-        data = msgpack.packb(metadata.as_dict())
+        data = self.key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(metadata.as_dict(), context=b'archive')
         new_id = self.key.id_hash(data)
         self.cache.add_chunk(new_id, data, self.stats)
         self.manifest.archives[self.name] = (new_id, metadata.time)
@@ -1813,6 +1816,19 @@ class ArchiveChecker:
             except msgpack.UnpackException:
                 continue
             if valid_archive(archive):
+                # **after** doing the low-level checks and having a strong indication that we
+                # are likely looking at an archive item here, also check the TAM authentication:
+                try:
+                    archive, verified, _ = self.key.unpack_and_verify_archive(data, force_tam_not_required=False)
+                except IntegrityError:
+                    # TAM issues - do not accept this archive!
+                    # either somebody is trying to attack us with a fake archive data or
+                    # we have an ancient archive made before TAM was a thing (borg < 1.0.9) **and** this repo
+                    # was not correctly upgraded to borg 1.2.5 (see advisory at top of the changelog).
+                    # borg can't tell the difference, so it has to assume this archive might be an attack
+                    # and drops this archive.
+                    continue
+                # note: if we get here and verified is False, a TAM is not required.
                 archive = ArchiveItem(internal_dict=archive)
                 name = archive.name
                 logger.info('Found archive %s', name)
@@ -2048,7 +2064,17 @@ class ArchiveChecker:
                     self.error_found = True
                     del self.manifest.archives[info.name]
                     continue
-                archive = ArchiveItem(internal_dict=msgpack.unpackb(data))
+                try:
+                    archive, verified, salt = self.key.unpack_and_verify_archive(data, force_tam_not_required=False)
+                except IntegrityError as integrity_error:
+                    # looks like there is a TAM issue with this archive, this might be an attack!
+                    # when upgrading to borg 1.2.5, users are expected to TAM-authenticate all archives they
+                    # trust, so there shouldn't be any without TAM.
+                    logger.error('Archive TAM authentication issue for archive %s: %s', info.name, integrity_error)
+                    self.error_found = True
+                    del self.manifest.archives[info.name]
+                    continue
+                archive = ArchiveItem(internal_dict=archive)
                 if archive.version != 1:
                     raise Exception('Unknown archive metadata version')
                 archive.cmdline = [safe_decode(arg) for arg in archive.cmdline]
@@ -2062,7 +2088,7 @@ class ArchiveChecker:
                 for previous_item_id in archive.items:
                     mark_as_possibly_superseded(previous_item_id)
                 archive.items = items_buffer.chunks
-                data = msgpack.packb(archive.as_dict())
+                data = self.key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(archive.as_dict(), context=b'archive', salt=salt)
                 new_archive_id = self.key.id_hash(data)
                 cdata = self.key.encrypt(data)
                 add_reference(new_archive_id, len(data), len(cdata), cdata)
diff --git a/src/borg/archiver.py b/src/borg/archiver.py
index 922ed483a..abf4fbb30 100644
--- a/src/borg/archiver.py
+++ b/src/borg/archiver.py
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@ try:
     from .helpers import sig_int, ignore_sigint
     from .helpers import iter_separated
     from .helpers import get_tar_filter
-    from .helpers.parseformat import BorgJsonEncoder
+    from .helpers.parseformat import BorgJsonEncoder, safe_decode
     from .nanorst import rst_to_terminal
     from .patterns import ArgparsePatternAction, ArgparseExcludeFileAction, ArgparsePatternFileAction, parse_exclude_pattern
     from .patterns import PatternMatcher
-    from .item import Item
+    from .item import Item, ArchiveItem
     from .platform import get_flags, get_process_id, SyncFile
     from .platform import uid2user, gid2group
     from .remote import RepositoryServer, RemoteRepository, cache_if_remote
@@ -1618,25 +1618,43 @@ class Archiver:
                           DASHES, logger=logging.getLogger('borg.output.stats'))
         return self.exit_code
 
-    @with_repository(fake=('tam', 'disable_tam'), invert_fake=True, manifest=False, exclusive=True)
+    @with_repository(fake=('tam', 'disable_tam', 'archives_tam'), invert_fake=True, manifest=False, exclusive=True)
     def do_upgrade(self, args, repository, manifest=None, key=None):
         """upgrade a repository from a previous version"""
-        if args.tam:
+        if args.archives_tam:
+            manifest, key = Manifest.load(repository, (Manifest.Operation.CHECK,), force_tam_not_required=args.force)
+            with Cache(repository, key, manifest) as cache:
+                stats = Statistics()
+                for info in manifest.archives.list(sort_by=['ts']):
+                    archive_id = info.id
+                    archive_formatted = format_archive(info)
+                    cdata = repository.get(archive_id)
+                    data = key.decrypt(archive_id, cdata)
+                    archive, verified, _ = key.unpack_and_verify_archive(data, force_tam_not_required=True)
+                    if not verified:  # we do not have an archive TAM yet -> add TAM now!
+                        archive = ArchiveItem(internal_dict=archive)
+                        archive.cmdline = [safe_decode(arg) for arg in archive.cmdline]
+                        data = key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(archive.as_dict(), context=b'archive')
+                        new_archive_id = key.id_hash(data)
+                        cache.add_chunk(new_archive_id, data, stats)
+                        cache.chunk_decref(archive_id, stats)
+                        manifest.archives[info.name] = (new_archive_id, info.ts)
+                        print(f"Added archive TAM:   {archive_formatted} -> [{bin_to_hex(new_archive_id)}]")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"Archive TAM present: {archive_formatted}")
+                manifest.write()
+                repository.commit(compact=False)
+                cache.commit()
+        elif args.tam:
             manifest, key = Manifest.load(repository, (Manifest.Operation.CHECK,), force_tam_not_required=args.force)
-
-            if not hasattr(key, 'change_passphrase'):
-                print('This repository is not encrypted, cannot enable TAM.')
-                return EXIT_ERROR
-
             if not manifest.tam_verified or not manifest.config.get(b'tam_required', False):
-                # The standard archive listing doesn't include the archive ID like in borg 1.1.x
                 print('Manifest contents:')
                 for archive_info in manifest.archives.list(sort_by=['ts']):
-                    print(format_archive(archive_info), '[%s]' % bin_to_hex(archive_info.id))
+                    print(format_archive(archive_info))
                 manifest.config[b'tam_required'] = True
                 manifest.write()
                 repository.commit(compact=False)
-            if not key.tam_required:
+            if not key.tam_required and hasattr(key, 'change_passphrase'):
                 key.tam_required = True
                 key.change_passphrase(key._passphrase)
                 print('Key updated')
@@ -1650,7 +1668,7 @@ class Archiver:
             manifest, key = Manifest.load(repository, Manifest.NO_OPERATION_CHECK, force_tam_not_required=True)
             if tam_required(repository):
                 os.unlink(tam_required_file(repository))
-            if key.tam_required:
+            if key.tam_required and hasattr(key, 'change_passphrase'):
                 key.tam_required = False
                 key.change_passphrase(key._passphrase)
                 print('Key updated')
@@ -4862,6 +4880,23 @@ class Archiver:
         Borg 1.x.y upgrades
         +++++++++++++++++++
 
+        Archive TAM authentication:
+
+        Use ``borg upgrade --archives-tam REPO`` to add archive TAMs to all
+        archives that are not TAM authenticated yet.
+        This is a convenient method to just trust all archives present - if
+        an archive does not have TAM authentication yet, a TAM will be added.
+        Archives created by old borg versions < 1.0.9 do not have TAMs.
+        Archives created by newer borg version should have TAMs already.
+        If you have a high risk environment, you should not just run this,
+        but first verify that the archives are authentic and not malicious
+        (== have good content, have a good timestamp).
+        Borg 1.2.5+ needs all archives to be TAM authenticated for safety reasons.
+
+        This upgrade needs to be done once per repository.
+
+        Manifest TAM authentication:
+
         Use ``borg upgrade --tam REPO`` to require manifest authentication
         introduced with Borg 1.0.9 to address security issues. This means
         that modifying the repository after doing this with a version prior
@@ -4942,6 +4977,8 @@ class Archiver:
                                help='Enable manifest authentication (in key and cache) (Borg 1.0.9 and later).')
         subparser.add_argument('--disable-tam', dest='disable_tam', action='store_true',
                                help='Disable manifest authentication (in key and cache).')
+        subparser.add_argument('--archives-tam', dest='archives_tam', action='store_true',
+                               help='add TAM authentication for all archives.')
         subparser.add_argument('location', metavar='REPOSITORY', nargs='?', default='',
                                type=location_validator(archive=False),
                                help='path to the repository to be upgraded')
diff --git a/src/borg/cache.py b/src/borg/cache.py
index b0ff5e541..523aedf93 100644
--- a/src/borg/cache.py
+++ b/src/borg/cache.py
@@ -755,7 +755,8 @@ class LocalCache(CacheStatsMixin):
             nonlocal processed_item_metadata_chunks
             csize, data = decrypted_repository.get(archive_id)
             chunk_idx.add(archive_id, 1, len(data), csize)
-            archive = ArchiveItem(internal_dict=msgpack.unpackb(data))
+            archive, verified, _ = self.key.unpack_and_verify_archive(data, force_tam_not_required=True)
+            archive = ArchiveItem(internal_dict=archive)
             if archive.version != 1:
                 raise Exception('Unknown archive metadata version')
             sync = CacheSynchronizer(chunk_idx)
diff --git a/src/borg/crypto/key.py b/src/borg/crypto/key.py
index ac998854c..c1ff76b1d 100644
--- a/src/borg/crypto/key.py
+++ b/src/borg/crypto/key.py
@@ -89,6 +89,13 @@ class TAMRequiredError(IntegrityError):
     traceback = False
 
 
+class ArchiveTAMRequiredError(TAMRequiredError):
+    __doc__ = textwrap.dedent("""
+    Archive '{}' is unauthenticated, but it is required for this repository.
+    """).strip()
+    traceback = False
+
+
 class TAMInvalid(IntegrityError):
     __doc__ = IntegrityError.__doc__
     traceback = False
@@ -98,6 +105,15 @@ class TAMInvalid(IntegrityError):
         super().__init__('Manifest authentication did not verify')
 
 
+class ArchiveTAMInvalid(IntegrityError):
+    __doc__ = IntegrityError.__doc__
+    traceback = False
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # Error message becomes: "Data integrity error: Archive authentication did not verify"
+        super().__init__('Archive authentication did not verify')
+
+
 class TAMUnsupportedSuiteError(IntegrityError):
     """Could not verify manifest: Unsupported suite {!r}; a newer version is needed."""
     traceback = False
@@ -210,15 +226,17 @@ class KeyBase:
             output_length=64
         )
 
-    def pack_and_authenticate_metadata(self, metadata_dict, context=b'manifest'):
+    def pack_and_authenticate_metadata(self, metadata_dict, context=b'manifest', salt=None):
+        if salt is None:
+            salt = os.urandom(64)
         metadata_dict = StableDict(metadata_dict)
         tam = metadata_dict['tam'] = StableDict({
             'type': 'HKDF_HMAC_SHA512',
             'hmac': bytes(64),
-            'salt': os.urandom(64),
+            'salt': salt,
         })
         packed = msgpack.packb(metadata_dict)
-        tam_key = self._tam_key(tam['salt'], context)
+        tam_key = self._tam_key(salt, context)
         tam['hmac'] = hmac.digest(tam_key, packed, 'sha512')
         return msgpack.packb(metadata_dict)
 
@@ -241,7 +259,7 @@ class KeyBase:
             if tam_required:
                 raise TAMRequiredError(self.repository._location.canonical_path())
             else:
-                logger.debug('TAM not found and not required')
+                logger.debug('Manifest TAM not found and not required')
                 return unpacked, False
         tam = unpacked.pop(b'tam', None)
         if not isinstance(tam, dict):
@@ -251,7 +269,7 @@ class KeyBase:
             if tam_required:
                 raise TAMUnsupportedSuiteError(repr(tam_type))
             else:
-                logger.debug('Ignoring TAM made with unsupported suite, since TAM is not required: %r', tam_type)
+                logger.debug('Ignoring manifest TAM made with unsupported suite, since TAM is not required: %r', tam_type)
                 return unpacked, False
         tam_hmac = tam.get(b'hmac')
         tam_salt = tam.get(b'salt')
@@ -266,6 +284,48 @@ class KeyBase:
         logger.debug('TAM-verified manifest')
         return unpacked, True
 
+    def unpack_and_verify_archive(self, data, force_tam_not_required=False):
+        """Unpack msgpacked *data* and return (object, did_verify)."""
+        tam_required = self.tam_required
+        if force_tam_not_required and tam_required:
+            # for a long time, borg only checked manifest for "tam_required" and
+            # people might have archives without TAM, so don't be too annoyingly loud here:
+            logger.debug('Archive authentication DISABLED.')
+            tam_required = False
+        data = bytearray(data)
+        unpacker = get_limited_unpacker('archive')
+        unpacker.feed(data)
+        unpacked = unpacker.unpack()
+        if b'tam' not in unpacked:
+            if tam_required:
+                archive_name = unpacked.get(b'name', b'<unknown>').decode('ascii', 'replace')
+                raise ArchiveTAMRequiredError(archive_name)
+            else:
+                logger.debug('Archive TAM not found and not required')
+                return unpacked, False, None
+        tam = unpacked.pop(b'tam', None)
+        if not isinstance(tam, dict):
+            raise ArchiveTAMInvalid()
+        tam_type = tam.get(b'type', b'<none>').decode('ascii', 'replace')
+        if tam_type != 'HKDF_HMAC_SHA512':
+            if tam_required:
+                raise TAMUnsupportedSuiteError(repr(tam_type))
+            else:
+                logger.debug('Ignoring archive TAM made with unsupported suite, since TAM is not required: %r', tam_type)
+                return unpacked, False, None
+        tam_hmac = tam.get(b'hmac')
+        tam_salt = tam.get(b'salt')
+        if not isinstance(tam_salt, bytes) or not isinstance(tam_hmac, bytes):
+            raise ArchiveTAMInvalid()
+        offset = data.index(tam_hmac)
+        data[offset:offset + 64] = bytes(64)
+        tam_key = self._tam_key(tam_salt, context=b'archive')
+        calculated_hmac = hmac.digest(tam_key, data, 'sha512')
+        if not hmac.compare_digest(calculated_hmac, tam_hmac):
+            raise ArchiveTAMInvalid()
+        logger.debug('TAM-verified archive')
+        return unpacked, True, tam_salt
+
 
 class PlaintextKey(KeyBase):
     TYPE = 0x02
diff --git a/src/borg/helpers/msgpack.py b/src/borg/helpers/msgpack.py
index 3c6565639..309c98834 100644
--- a/src/borg/helpers/msgpack.py
+++ b/src/borg/helpers/msgpack.py
@@ -209,6 +209,12 @@ def get_limited_unpacker(kind):
                          max_str_len=255,  # archive name
                          object_hook=StableDict,
                          ))
+    elif kind == 'archive':
+        args.update(dict(use_list=True,  # default value
+                         max_map_len=100,  # ARCHIVE_KEYS ~= 20
+                         max_str_len=10000,  # comment
+                         object_hook=StableDict,
+                         ))
     elif kind == 'key':
         args.update(dict(use_list=True,  # default value
                          max_array_len=0,  # not used
diff --git a/src/borg/helpers/parseformat.py b/src/borg/helpers/parseformat.py
index d96637b4d..1e11ea61d 100644
--- a/src/borg/helpers/parseformat.py
+++ b/src/borg/helpers/parseformat.py
@@ -592,9 +592,10 @@ class ArchiveFormatter(BaseFormatter):
         'id': 'internal ID of the archive',
         'hostname': 'hostname of host on which this archive was created',
         'username': 'username of user who created this archive',
+        'tam': 'TAM authentication state of this archive',
     }
     KEY_GROUPS = (
-        ('archive', 'name', 'barchive', 'comment', 'bcomment', 'id'),
+        ('archive', 'name', 'barchive', 'comment', 'bcomment', 'id', 'tam'),
         ('start', 'time', 'end', 'command_line'),
         ('hostname', 'username'),
     )
@@ -647,6 +648,7 @@ class ArchiveFormatter(BaseFormatter):
             'bcomment': partial(self.get_meta, 'comment', rs=False),
             'end': self.get_ts_end,
             'command_line': self.get_cmdline,
+            'tam': self.get_tam,
         }
         self.used_call_keys = set(self.call_keys) & self.format_keys
         if self.json:
@@ -697,6 +699,9 @@ class ArchiveFormatter(BaseFormatter):
     def get_ts_end(self):
         return self.format_time(self.archive.ts_end)
 
+    def get_tam(self):
+        return 'verified' if self.archive.tam_verified else 'none'
+
     def format_time(self, ts):
         return OutputTimestamp(ts)
 
diff --git a/src/borg/testsuite/archiver.py b/src/borg/testsuite/archiver.py
index c586d2e25..8cc930b6f 100644
--- a/src/borg/testsuite/archiver.py
+++ b/src/borg/testsuite/archiver.py
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ from ..cache import Cache, LocalCache
 from ..chunker import has_seek_hole
 from ..constants import *  # NOQA
 from ..crypto.low_level import bytes_to_long, num_cipher_blocks
-from ..crypto.key import KeyfileKeyBase, RepoKey, KeyfileKey, Passphrase, TAMRequiredError
+from ..crypto.key import KeyfileKeyBase, RepoKey, KeyfileKey, Passphrase, TAMRequiredError, ArchiveTAMRequiredError
 from ..crypto.keymanager import RepoIdMismatch, NotABorgKeyFile
 from ..crypto.file_integrity import FileIntegrityError
 from ..helpers import Location, get_security_dir
-from ..helpers import Manifest, MandatoryFeatureUnsupported
+from ..helpers import Manifest, MandatoryFeatureUnsupported, ArchiveInfo
 from ..helpers import EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_WARNING, EXIT_ERROR
 from ..helpers import bin_to_hex
 from ..helpers import MAX_S
@@ -3957,7 +3957,7 @@ class ArchiverCheckTestCase(ArchiverTestCaseBase):
             corrupted_manifest = manifest + b'corrupted!'
             repository.put(Manifest.MANIFEST_ID, corrupted_manifest)
 
-            archive = msgpack.packb({
+            archive_dict = {
                 'cmdline': [],
                 'items': [],
                 'hostname': 'foo',
@@ -3965,7 +3965,8 @@ class ArchiverCheckTestCase(ArchiverTestCaseBase):
                 'name': 'archive1',
                 'time': '2016-12-15T18:49:51.849711',
                 'version': 1,
-            })
+            }
+            archive = key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(archive_dict, context=b'archive')
             archive_id = key.id_hash(archive)
             repository.put(archive_id, key.encrypt(archive))
             repository.commit(compact=False)
@@ -4094,7 +4095,7 @@ class ManifestAuthenticationTest(ArchiverTestCaseBase):
             repository.commit(compact=False)
         output = self.cmd('list', '--debug', self.repository_location)
         assert 'archive1234' in output
-        assert 'TAM not found and not required' in output
+        assert 'Manifest TAM not found and not required' in output
         # Run upgrade
         self.cmd('upgrade', '--tam', self.repository_location)
         # Manifest must be authenticated now
@@ -4127,6 +4128,70 @@ class ManifestAuthenticationTest(ArchiverTestCaseBase):
         assert not self.cmd('list', self.repository_location)
 
 
+class ArchiveAuthenticationTest(ArchiverTestCaseBase):
+
+    def write_archive_without_tam(self, repository, archive_name):
+        manifest, key = Manifest.load(repository, Manifest.NO_OPERATION_CHECK)
+        archive_data = msgpack.packb({
+            'version': 1,
+            'name': archive_name,
+            'items': [],
+            'cmdline': '',
+            'hostname': '',
+            'username': '',
+            'time': utcnow().strftime(ISO_FORMAT),
+        })
+        archive_id = key.id_hash(archive_data)
+        repository.put(archive_id, key.encrypt(archive_data))
+        manifest.archives[archive_name] = (archive_id, datetime.now())
+        manifest.write()
+        repository.commit(compact=False)
+
+    def test_upgrade_archives_tam(self):
+        self.cmd('init', '--encryption=repokey', self.repository_location)
+        self.create_src_archive('archive_tam')
+        repository = Repository(self.repository_path, exclusive=True)
+        with repository:
+            self.write_archive_without_tam(repository, "archive_no_tam")
+        output = self.cmd('list', '--format="{name} tam:{tam}{NL}"', self.repository_location)
+        assert 'archive_tam tam:verified' in output  # good
+        assert 'archive_no_tam tam:none' in output  # could be borg < 1.0.9 archive or fake
+        self.cmd('upgrade', '--archives-tam', self.repository_location)
+        output = self.cmd('list', '--format="{name} tam:{tam}{NL}"', self.repository_location)
+        assert 'archive_tam tam:verified' in output  # still good
+        assert 'archive_no_tam tam:verified' in output  # previously TAM-less archives got a TAM now
+
+    def test_check_rebuild_manifest(self):
+        self.cmd('init', '--encryption=repokey', self.repository_location)
+        self.create_src_archive('archive_tam')
+        repository = Repository(self.repository_path, exclusive=True)
+        with repository:
+            self.write_archive_without_tam(repository, "archive_no_tam")
+            repository.delete(Manifest.MANIFEST_ID)  # kill manifest, so check has to rebuild it
+            repository.commit(compact=False)
+        self.cmd('check', '--repair', self.repository_location)
+        output = self.cmd('list', '--format="{name} tam:{tam}{NL}"', self.repository_location)
+        assert 'archive_tam tam:verified' in output  # TAM-verified archive is in rebuilt manifest
+        assert 'archive_no_tam' not in output  # check got rid of untrusted not TAM-verified archive
+
+    def test_check_rebuild_refcounts(self):
+        self.cmd('init', '--encryption=repokey', self.repository_location)
+        self.create_src_archive('archive_tam')
+        archive_id_pre_check = self.cmd('list', '--format="{name} {id}{NL}"', self.repository_location)
+        repository = Repository(self.repository_path, exclusive=True)
+        with repository:
+            self.write_archive_without_tam(repository, "archive_no_tam")
+        output = self.cmd('list', '--format="{name} tam:{tam}{NL}"', self.repository_location)
+        assert 'archive_tam tam:verified' in output  # good
+        assert 'archive_no_tam tam:none' in output  # could be borg < 1.0.9 archive or fake
+        self.cmd('check', '--repair', self.repository_location)
+        output = self.cmd('list', '--format="{name} tam:{tam}{NL}"', self.repository_location)
+        assert 'archive_tam tam:verified' in output  # TAM-verified archive still there
+        assert 'archive_no_tam' not in output  # check got rid of untrusted not TAM-verified archive
+        archive_id_post_check = self.cmd('list', '--format="{name} {id}{NL}"', self.repository_location)
+        assert archive_id_post_check == archive_id_pre_check  # rebuild_refcounts didn't change archive_tam archive id
+
+
 class RemoteArchiverTestCase(ArchiverTestCase):
     prefix = '__testsuite__:'
 
diff --git a/src/borg/testsuite/key.py b/src/borg/testsuite/key.py
index 8107c2f09..5bc28958a 100644
--- a/src/borg/testsuite/key.py
+++ b/src/borg/testsuite/key.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from ..crypto.key import PlaintextKey, PassphraseKey, AuthenticatedKey, RepoKey,
     Blake2KeyfileKey, Blake2RepoKey, Blake2AuthenticatedKey
 from ..crypto.key import ID_HMAC_SHA_256, ID_BLAKE2b_256
 from ..crypto.key import TAMRequiredError, TAMInvalid, TAMUnsupportedSuiteError, UnsupportedManifestError
+from ..crypto.key import ArchiveTAMInvalid
 from ..crypto.key import identify_key
 from ..crypto.low_level import bytes_to_long
 from ..crypto.low_level import IntegrityError as IntegrityErrorBase
@@ -338,6 +339,8 @@ class TestTAM:
         blob = msgpack.packb({})
         with pytest.raises(TAMRequiredError):
             key.unpack_and_verify_manifest(blob)
+        with pytest.raises(TAMRequiredError):
+            key.unpack_and_verify_archive(blob)
 
     def test_missing(self, key):
         blob = msgpack.packb({})
@@ -345,6 +348,9 @@ class TestTAM:
         unpacked, verified = key.unpack_and_verify_manifest(blob)
         assert unpacked == {}
         assert not verified
+        unpacked, verified, _ = key.unpack_and_verify_archive(blob)
+        assert unpacked == {}
+        assert not verified
 
     def test_unknown_type_when_required(self, key):
         blob = msgpack.packb({
@@ -354,6 +360,8 @@ class TestTAM:
         })
         with pytest.raises(TAMUnsupportedSuiteError):
             key.unpack_and_verify_manifest(blob)
+        with pytest.raises(TAMUnsupportedSuiteError):
+            key.unpack_and_verify_archive(blob)
 
     def test_unknown_type(self, key):
         blob = msgpack.packb({
@@ -365,6 +373,9 @@ class TestTAM:
         unpacked, verified = key.unpack_and_verify_manifest(blob)
         assert unpacked == {}
         assert not verified
+        unpacked, verified, _ = key.unpack_and_verify_archive(blob)
+        assert unpacked == {}
+        assert not verified
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('tam, exc', (
         ({}, TAMUnsupportedSuiteError),
@@ -372,13 +383,26 @@ class TestTAM:
         (None, TAMInvalid),
         (1234, TAMInvalid),
     ))
-    def test_invalid(self, key, tam, exc):
+    def test_invalid_manifest(self, key, tam, exc):
         blob = msgpack.packb({
             'tam': tam,
         })
         with pytest.raises(exc):
             key.unpack_and_verify_manifest(blob)
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('tam, exc', (
+        ({}, TAMUnsupportedSuiteError),
+        ({'type': b'\xff'}, TAMUnsupportedSuiteError),
+        (None, ArchiveTAMInvalid),
+        (1234, ArchiveTAMInvalid),
+    ))
+    def test_invalid_archive(self, key, tam, exc):
+        blob = msgpack.packb({
+            'tam': tam,
+        })
+        with pytest.raises(exc):
+            key.unpack_and_verify_archive(blob)
+
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('hmac, salt', (
         ({}, bytes(64)),
         (bytes(64), {}),
@@ -401,10 +425,12 @@ class TestTAM:
         blob = msgpack.packb(data)
         with pytest.raises(TAMInvalid):
             key.unpack_and_verify_manifest(blob)
+        with pytest.raises(ArchiveTAMInvalid):
+            key.unpack_and_verify_archive(blob)
 
-    def test_round_trip(self, key):
+    def test_round_trip_manifest(self, key):
         data = {'foo': 'bar'}
-        blob = key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(data)
+        blob = key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(data, context=b"manifest")
         assert blob.startswith(b'\x82')
 
         unpacked = msgpack.unpackb(blob)
@@ -415,10 +441,23 @@ class TestTAM:
         assert unpacked[b'foo'] == b'bar'
         assert b'tam' not in unpacked
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize('which', (b'hmac', b'salt'))
-    def test_tampered(self, key, which):
+    def test_round_trip_archive(self, key):
         data = {'foo': 'bar'}
-        blob = key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(data)
+        blob = key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(data, context=b"archive")
+        assert blob.startswith(b'\x82')
+
+        unpacked = msgpack.unpackb(blob)
+        assert unpacked[b'tam'][b'type'] == b'HKDF_HMAC_SHA512'
+
+        unpacked, verified, _ = key.unpack_and_verify_archive(blob)
+        assert verified
+        assert unpacked[b'foo'] == b'bar'
+        assert b'tam' not in unpacked
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('which', (b'hmac', b'salt'))
+    def test_tampered_manifest(self, key, which):
+        data = {'foo': 'bar'}
+        blob = key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(data, context=b"manifest")
         assert blob.startswith(b'\x82')
 
         unpacked = msgpack.unpackb(blob, object_hook=StableDict)
@@ -429,3 +468,18 @@ class TestTAM:
 
         with pytest.raises(TAMInvalid):
             key.unpack_and_verify_manifest(blob)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('which', (b'hmac', b'salt'))
+    def test_tampered_archive(self, key, which):
+        data = {'foo': 'bar'}
+        blob = key.pack_and_authenticate_metadata(data, context=b"archive")
+        assert blob.startswith(b'\x82')
+
+        unpacked = msgpack.unpackb(blob, object_hook=StableDict)
+        assert len(unpacked[b'tam'][which]) == 64
+        unpacked[b'tam'][which] = unpacked[b'tam'][which][0:32] + bytes(32)
+        assert len(unpacked[b'tam'][which]) == 64
+        blob = msgpack.packb(unpacked)
+
+        with pytest.raises(ArchiveTAMInvalid):
+            key.unpack_and_verify_archive(blob)