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doc/draft/draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec-rdata-00.txt → doc/draft/draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec-rdata-01.txt
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@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
DNS Extensions Working Group J. Schlyter, Ed.
Internet-Draft November 26, 2003
Updates: RFC 2535, RFC TCR (if approved)
Expires: May 26, 2004
Internet-Draft December 4, 2003
Updates: RFC 2535, RFC TCR (if
approved)
Expires: June 3, 2004
DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format
draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec-rdata-00.txt
draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec-rdata-01.txt
Status of this Memo
@ -27,7 +30,7 @@ Status of this Memo
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
This Internet-Draft will expire on May 26, 2004.
This Internet-Draft will expire on June 3, 2004.
Copyright Notice
@ -49,9 +52,9 @@ Abstract
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Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format November 2003
Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format December 2003
Table of Contents
@ -67,8 +70,8 @@ Table of Contents
3. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Informational References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Informational References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
A. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . 8
@ -105,14 +108,14 @@ Table of Contents
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Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format November 2003
Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format December 2003
1. Introduction
The NSEC [3] Resource Record (RR) is used for authenticated proof of
The NSEC [5] Resource Record (RR) is used for authenticated proof of
the non-existence of DNS owner names and types. The RDATA format for
the NSEC RR, as described in RFC 2535 [2], had a limitation in that,
without using a yet undefined extension mechanism, the the RDATA
@ -136,13 +139,13 @@ Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format November 2003
For convenience and completeness this document presents the syntax
and semantics for the NSEC RR based on the specification in RFC 2535
[2] and as updated by RFC TCR [3], thereby not introducing changes
[2] and as updated by RFC TCR [5], thereby not introducing changes
except for the syntax of the type bit map.
[Editors note: this is the text that is to be copied into
draft-ietf-dnssec-dnssec-records]
This document updates RFC 2535 [2] and RFC TCR [3].
This document updates RFC 2535 [2] and RFC TCR [5].
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
@ -161,14 +164,15 @@ Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format November 2003
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The type value for the NSEC RR is 47.
The NSEC RR is class independent.
The NSEC RR RDATA format is class independent and defined for all
classes.
The NSEC RR has no special TTL requirements.
@ -192,50 +196,50 @@ Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format November 2003
of the Next Domain Name field in the last NSEC record in the zone is
the name of the zone apex (the owner name of the zone's SOA RR).
A sender MUST NOT use DNS name compression on the Next Domain Name
field when transmitting an NSEC RR. A receiver which receives an
NSEC RR containing a compressed Next Domain Name field SHOULD
decompress the field value.
Owner names of RRsets not authoritative for the given zone (such as
glue records) MUST NOT be listed in the Next Domain Name unless at
least one authoritative RRset exists at the same owner name.
2.1.2 The List of Type Bit Map(s) Field
The List of Type Bit Map(s) Field identifies the RRset types which
exist at the NSEC RR's owner name and uses a simple windowed bitmap
encoding. It is a logical extension to the encoding used by NXT [2]
and is designed to be both efficient and easy to implement without
errors.
The RR type space is split into 256 window blocks, each representing
the low-order 8 bits of the 16-bit RR type space. Each block that has
at least one active RR type is encoded using a single octet window
number (from 0 to 255), a single octet bitmap length (from 1 to 32)
indicating the number of octets used for the window block's bitmap,
and up to 32 octets (256 bits) of bitmap.
The type space is split into into 256 window blocks. Each block that
has at least one active type is encoded using a window octet (from 0
to 255), a bitmap length octet (from 1 to 32) and a bitmap (covering
up to 256 type codes) in network bit order (similar to NXT). Blocks
with no types present MUST NOT be included. Trailing zero octets in
Blocks are present in the NSEC RR RDATA in increasing numerical
order.
"|" denotes concatenation
Type Bit Map(s) Field = ( Window Block # | Bitmap Length | Bitmap ) +
Each bitmap encodes the low-order 8 bits of RR types within the
window block, in network bit order. The first bit is bit 0. For
window block 0, bit 1 corresponds to RR type 1 (A), bit 2 corresponds
to RR type 2 (NS), and so forth. For window block 1, bit 1
corresponds to RR type 257, bit 2 to RR type 258. If a bit is set to
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the bitmap MUST be removed. Blocks is presented in increasing
numerical order.
1, it indicates that an RRset of that type is present for the NSEC
RR's owner name. If a bit is set to 0, it indicates that no RRset of
that type is present for the NSEC RR's owner name.
Bits representing Meta-TYPEs or QTYPEs as specified in RFC 2929 [3]
(section 3.1) or within the range reserved for assignment only to
QTYPEs and Meta-TYPEs MUST be set to 0, since they do not appear in
zone data. If encountered, they must be ignored upon reading.
"|" denotes concatenation
NSEC RDATA = ( Window Block # | Bitmap Length | Bitmap ) +
A zone MUST NOT generate an NSEC RR for any domain name that only
holds glue records.
Bits representing pseudo-RR types MUST be set to 0, since they do not
appear in zone data. If encountered, they must be ignored upon
reading.
Blocks with no types present MUST NOT be included. Trailing zero
octets in the bitmap MUST be omitted. The length of each block's
bitmap is determined by the type code with the largest numerical
value, within that block, among the set of RR types present at the
NSEC RR's owner name. Trailing zero octets not specified MUST be
interpretted as zero octets.
2.1.3 Inclusion of Wildcard Names in NSEC RDATA
@ -252,9 +256,9 @@ Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format November 2003
The Next Domain Name field is represented as a domain name.
The Type Bit Map field is represented either as a sequence of RR type
mnemonics or as a sequence of unsigned decimal integers denoting the
RR type codes.
The List of Type Bit Map(s) Field is represented as a sequence of RR
type mnemonics. When the mnemonic is not known, the TYPE
representation as described in RFC 3597 [4] (section 5) MUST be used.
2.3 NSEC RR Example
@ -262,21 +266,31 @@ Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format November 2003
alfa.example.com. and identifies the next authoritative name after
alfa.example.com.
alfa.example.com. 86400 IN NSEC host.example.com. A MX RRSIG NSEC
alfa.example.com. 86400 IN NSEC host.example.com. A MX RRSIG NSEC TYPE1234
The first four text fields specify the name, TTL, Class, and RR type
(NSEC). The entry host.example.com. is the next authoritative name
after alfa.example.com. in canonical order. The A, MX, RRSIG and NSEC
mnemonics indicate there are A, MX, RRSIG and NSEC RRsets associated
with the name alfa.example.com.
mnemonics indicate there are A, MX, RRSIG, NSEC and TYPE1234 RRsets
associated with the name alfa.example.com.
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The RDATA section of the NSEC RR above would be encoded as:
0x04 'h' 'o' 's' 't'
0x07 'e' 'x' 'a' 'm' 'p' 'l' 'e'
0x03 'c' 'o' 'm' 0x00
0x00 0x06 0x40 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x03
0x04 0x1b 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x20
Assuming that the resolver can authenticate this NSEC record, it
could be used to prove that beta.example.com does not exist, or could
@ -288,7 +302,7 @@ Internet-Draft DNSSEC NSEC RDATA Format November 2003
This document introduces no new IANA considerations, because all of
the protocol parameters used in this document have already been
assigned by RFC TCR [3].
assigned by RFC TCR [5].
4. Security Considerations
@ -303,16 +317,30 @@ Normative References
[2] Eastlake, D., "Domain Name System Security Extensions", RFC
2535, March 1999.
[3] Weiler, S., "Legacy Resolver Compatibility for Delegation
[3] Eastlake, D., Brunner-Williams, E. and B. Manning, "Domain Name
System (DNS) IANA Considerations", BCP 42, RFC 2929, September
2000.
[4] Gustafsson, A., "Handling of Unknown DNS Resource Record (RR)
Types", RFC 3597, September 2003.
[5] Weiler, S., "Legacy Resolver Compatibility for Delegation
Signer", draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-2535typecode-change-05 (work
in progress), October 2003.
Informational References
[4] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities", STD
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[6] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities", STD
13, RFC 1034, November 1987.
[5] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
[7] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.
@ -325,15 +353,6 @@ Author's Address
EMail: jakob@schlyter.se
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Appendix A. Acknowledgements
The encoding described in this document was initially proposed by
@ -369,25 +388,9 @@ Appendix A. Acknowledgements
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Intellectual Property Statement
@ -441,9 +444,9 @@ Full Copyright Statement
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HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
@ -497,5 +500,5 @@ Acknowledgment
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