Add ruff job to CI

Run the linter on Python code changes in CI.

(cherry picked from commit 8b0a8dbd8e)

.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -802,6 +802,12 @@ pylint:
   script:
     - pylint $(git ls-files '*.py')
 
+ruff:
+  <<: *quick_checks_job
+  <<: *python_triggering_rules
+  script:
+    - ruff check
+
 reuse:
   <<: *quick_checks_job
   image: